2.3.2.2 Kungafinyeleleki
Idatha aphethwe amabhizinisi kanye nohulumeni kukhona zilukhuni kakhulu kubacwaningi ukuze ufinyelele.
Ngo-May 2014, i-US National Security Agenda yavula isikhungo idatha ku zasemakhaya Utah ukuthi inegama esiyinkinga, lo Intelligence Community likazwelonke cybersecurity Initiative Data Center. Nokho, lesi sikhungo idatha, okuyinto eye eyabizwa ngokuthi i-Utah Data Center, kubika banamakhono elishaqisayo. Omunye umbiko uthi le Utah Data Center uyakwazi ukugcina bese ukucubungula tonkhe tinhlobo tekuchumana kuhlanganise "okuqukethwe okuphelele of imeyili yangasese, izingcingo cell phone, nokuseshwa Google, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo idatha yomuntu siqu emizileni-yokupaka namarisidi, travel yohambo lwabo , esitolo sezincwadi ukuthenga, kanye nezinye digital `pocket udoti '" (Bamford 2012) . Ngaphezu ukukhathazeka ngokuvuswa ngesimo nokuzwela ukwaziswa okuningi ezithwetshulwe idatha big, okuyinto uzobe kuchazwe kabanzi ngezansi, Utah Data Center iyisibonelo ezedlulele zokuphathwa ocebile umthombo idatha zingakwazi ukufunda abacwaningi. Ezimweni ezivamile, imithombo eminingi idatha big ukuthi kungaba wusizo abacwaningi zilawulwa futhi kunqandwe ohulumeni (isib, idatha intela kanye nedatha zemfundo) kanye nezinkampani (isib, imibuzo ezinjinini futhi ucingo meta-data). Ngakho, lezi idatha ngeke kube atholakale ngokushesha ukuba abacwaningi emanyuvesi, futhi abaningi ngeke ngisho kube atholakale abacwaningi ohulumeni noma izinkampani.
Ngolwazi lwami, abacwaningi abaningi esekelwe emanyuvesi abangasiqondi umthombo wale inaccessibility. Lezi idatha awekho ezingafinyeleleki ngoba abantu at izinkampani kanye nohulumeni eziwubuwula, ivila, noma abangakhathaleli. Kunalokho, kukhona okungathi sína zomthetho, ezobuchwepheshe, ibhizinisi, Imigoqo yokuziphatha ukuvimbela ukufinyelela idatha. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye izivumelwano amawebhusayithi ngokoMthetho-of-service kuphela sivumele yedatha usetshenziselwe abasebenzi noma ukwenza ngcono isevisi. Ngakho lapho izinhlobo ezithile ukwabelana Idatha adalule izinkampani ukuba kumangala okumiswe ngokufanele ezivela kumakhasimende. Kukhona futhi izingozi olutheni ibhizinisi izinkampani ehilelekile idatha ukwabelana. Zama ukucabanga ukuthi umphakathi uyosabela uma idatha search siqu ngephutha leaked ephuma Google njenge ngxenye Yohlelo wocwaningo eyunivesithi. Okunjalo lokwephulwa idatha, uma ngokwedlulele, kungase kube ngisho ingozi existential inkampani. Ngakho-Google-nezinkulu kakhulu izinkampani-kakhulu ingozi-averse mayelana nokwabelana ngedatha abacwaningi.
Eqinisweni, cishe wonke umuntu osesimweni nekuvula ematfuba etindlela tekutfola esiningi idatha uyazi indaba ka Abdur Chowdhury. Ngo-2006, lapho wayeyinhloko ucwaningo AOL, wamkhulula ngenhloso lokho ayecabanga abangu angavezwa semibuzo yakho yosesho kusuka 650.000 abasebenzisi AOL ukuze umphakathi nocwaningo. Ngokwazi Ngingakutshela, Chowdhury kanye abacwaningi AOL babekwenza ngezinhloso ezinhle futhi babecabanga ukuthi kwase angavezwa idatha. Kodwa, babenza iphutha. It kwatholakala ngokushesha ukuthi idatha babengenazo engaziwa njengoba bacwaningi babecabanga, futhi izintatheli ezivela New York Times sakwazi ukukhomba abantu kudathasethi kalula (Barbaro and Zeller Jr 2006) . Kanye nalezi zinkinga Kwatholakala, Chowdhury wasusa idatha kusuka website AOL sika, kodwa kwase kwephuze kakhulu. Idatha ayekade kabusha kwamanye amawebhusayithi, futhi cishe namanje khona lapho ufunda le ncwadi. Ngenxa emzamweni wakhe ngedatha nomphakathi ucwaningo, Chowdhury waxoshwa, futhi isikhulu ubuchwepheshe officer AOL sika ngemuva kokusula (Hafner 2006) . Njengoba lesi sibonelo sibonisa, izinzuzo abacacisiwe ngaphakathi izinkampani lula ukufinyelela idatha pretty abancane zihambe kuyinto esabekayo.
Ucwaningo Nokho, athole ukufinyelela idatha zingakwazi ukufunda umphakathi jikelele. Ohulumeni izinqubo abacwaningi Ungalandela ukuba bafake isicelo ukufinyelela, futhi njengoba lezi zibonelo kamuva kulesi sahluko show, abacwaningi ngezikhathi ezithile athole ukufinyelela kudatha yezinkampani. Ngokwesibonelo, Einav et al. (2015) isebenzisana ne-ongumcwaningi eBay ukutadisha iminonjana digital kusuka indali ekuyi-Internet. Ngizoxoxa okwengeziwe mayelana nocwaningo ababevela lokhu kusebenzisana kamuva kuso leso sahluko (Isigaba 2.4.3.2), kodwa ngikhuluma it manje ngoba kwakufanele zonke ezine izithako ngibona sibambisane yimpumelelo: umcwaningi isithakazelo, umcwaningi khono, inkampani isithakazelo, futhi inkampani khono. Ngamanye amazwi, Einav kanye nozakwabo ababenesithakazelo futhi abakwaziyo nokutadisha indali ekuyi-Internet. Futhi, eBay wayebuye. Nokho, Sengike ngakubona abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngokubambisana nakanjani ngoba noma umcwaningi noma inkampani wayentula esisodwa salezi izithako.
Ngisho noma ungase ukwazi Nokho ukusimamisa ukubambisana ne ibhizinisi, zikhona ezinye downsides kuwe. Okokuqala, imibuzo ungacela nge idatha nge cishe kungagcini; Izinkampani cishe ukuvumela ucwaningo engenza nabo nedumela elibi. Okwesibili, cishe ngeke ukwazi bakwazi ukwabelana idatha yakho namanye abacwaningi, okusho ukuthi abanye abacwaningi ngeke bakwazi ukuqinisekisa bese ukunweba imiphumela yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lobudlelwane ungakha okungenani ukubukeka of ukungqubuzana kwezinhloso zenzuzo, lapho abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi imiphumela yakho kade uthonywa yilokho ubudlelwano bokubambisana yakho. Zonke lezi downsides zingalungiswa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba sibe kucace ukuthi ekusebenteni ngedatha ukuthi akuyona yimuphi umuntu gade anakho kokubili upsides kanye downsides.
Kafushane, eziningi idatha enkulu ezingafinyeleleki abacwaningi. Zikhona yezomthetho ebucayi, ezobuchwepheshe, ibhizinisi, Imigoqo yokuziphatha ukuvimbela ukufinyelela idatha, kanye lezi zithiyo ngeke iphele. Uhulumeni kazwelonke ngokuvamile sezisungule nezinqubo amandla okufinyelela idatha, kodwa inqubo ibe ngaphezulu okukhethekile emazingeni wombuso kanye lendawo. Futhi, kwezinye izimo, abacwaningi umlingani nezinkampani ukuthola idatha, kodwa lokhu kungadala izinkinga ezihlukahlukene kubacwaningi.
