2.3.2.5 Algorithmically ngajabha
Ukuziphatha ezitholakele idatha akuyona wemvelo, yimigomo engineering izinhlelo.
Nakuba eziningi ezitholakala emithonjeni idatha non-esisheshayo ngoba abantu abawazi idatha yabo basuke kokuba kulotshwe (Isigaba 2.3.1.3), abacwaningi Akufanele sicabange ukuthi ukuziphatha kulezi zinhlelo inthanethi ukuze babe "zemvelo" noma "oluhlanzekile." Empeleni, lo izinhlelo digital ukuthi irekhodi ukuziphatha kakhulu izakhi ntombazane ukuziphatha okuthile ezifana ngokuchofoza izikhangiso noma ukuposa okuqukethwe. Izindlela ukuthi imigomo ye ohlelweni abaklami kungazenza amaphetheni zibe idatha ubizwa ngokuthi nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic. nolokukhungathekisa Algorithmic abayingeni ukuba ososayensi bezenhlalo, kodwa ukukhathazeka okukhulu phakathi ngokucophelela ososayensi idatha. Futhi, ngokungafani namanye izinkinga enokulandelela digital, nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic ngokuyinhloko engabonakali.
Isibonelo esithinta lilula nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic lokuthi on Facebook kukhona isibalo anomalously okusezingeni abasebenzisi nge cishe 20 nabangani (Ugander et al. 2011) . Ososayensi ehlaziya nale idatha ngaphandle iyiphi kuvisisa indlela Facebook usebenza babekwazi doubtlessly ukukhiqiza izindaba eziningi mayelana nokuthi 20 unguZiqu inombolo imilingo social. Nokho, Ugander nozakwabo wayeliqonda enkulu inqubo esabangela idatha, futhi wayazi ukuthi Facebook wakhuthaza abantu abambalwa oxhumana nabo ku-Facebook ukwenza abangane more baze bayofika abangane 20. Nakuba Ugander kanye nozakwabo musa ukusho lokhu ephepheni, le nqubomgomo mhlawumbe adalwe kuFacebook ukuze abakhuthaze abasebenzisi abasha babe matasa. Nokho, ngaphandle kokwazi mayelana nokuba khona kwamakamu le nqubomgomo, kulula ukuba sifinyelele esiphethweni esingafanele kusukela idatha. Ngamanye amazwi, inombolo ngokumangalisayo eliphezulu labantu nabangani abangaba ngu-20 usitshela okwengeziwe Facebook kuka indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo.
Ngini eziyingozi ukwedlula lokhu esidlule lapho nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic kukhicite Chile quirky ukuthi abacophelelayo angase siphenye, kukhona yisihumusho ngisho trickier nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic ukuthi kwenzeka lapho nabaqambi izinhlelo inthanethi ziyazi mbono social bese ubhake zalezi zinkolelo-mbono wangena abasebenzayo amasistimu wabo. Izazi zokuhlalisana kwabantu shayela le performativity: uma eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma umhlaba ngendlela yokuthi ukuletha izwe more kwavumelana nemfundiso. In the amacala performative nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic, ubunjalo bokugcizelela we-data cishe angabonakali.
Isibonelo iphethini owadalwa performativity kuyinto transitivity zokuxhumana kwasemoyeni. In the 1970 no-1980, abacwaningi ngokuphindaphindiwe, kwatholakala ukuthi uma kukhona abangane nge Alice futhi wena nabangani UBob, khona-ke uSipho Alice maningi amathuba okuthi sibe abangane nomunye kuka abantu ababili abavele bakhethwa. Futhi, lo mkhuba esifanayo satholakala igrafu social on Facebook (Ugander et al. 2011) . Ngakho, angase aphethe ngokuthi amaphethini ubungane on Facebook ukuphindaphinda amaphethini ubungane okungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi, okungenani mayelana transitivity. Nokho, ubukhulu bale transitivity in the Facebook igrafu social kancane eliqhutshwa nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic. Okungukuthi, ososayensi idatha at Facebook wayazi ucwaningo enokwehla futhi theory mayelana transitivity bese kubhakwa bayifaka Facebook isebenza kanjani. Facebook has a "Abantu ongahle ubazi" feature esikisela abangane abasha, futhi enye yezindlela Facebook enquma ukuthi ubani ukuba basikisele kuwe transitivity. Okungukuthi, Facebook cishe basikisela ukuthi babe abangane abangane abangane bakho. Ngakho le sici ine umphumela okwandayo transitivity in the Facebook igrafu social; ngamanye amazwi, inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela transitivity uletha izwe kwavumelana izibikezelo kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela (Healy 2015) . Ngakho, lapho big imithombo idatha ibonakala nokuzala izibikezelo theory kwezenhlalo, kufanele siqiniseke ukuthi le nkolelo-mbono wona awuzange kubhakwa kanjani ohlelweni wasebenza.
Kunokuba ukucabanga of big imithombo idatha kokubona abantu Esimweni esingokwemvelo, isingathekiso ithambekele kakhudlwana oqaphela abantu ekhasino. Amakhasino kakhulu izakhi izindawo yakhelwe ntombazane ukuziphatha okuthile, futhi abacwaningi kwakuyoba nanini silindele ukuthi ukuziphatha ekhasino lizomnika window unfettered ekuziphatheni womuntu. Yiqiniso, singakwazi nokufunda okuthile mayelana nokuziphatha ukutadisha zabantu casino-eqinisweni ekhasino kungaba ekahle ngitadisha ubuhlobo obuphakathi utshwala kanye nobungozi izintandokazi-kodwa uma thina akasinakanga leso idatha idalwa ekhasino singasindi eziphethweni ezimbi.
Ngeshwa, ekubhekaneni nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic kunzima ikakhulukazi ngenxa izici eziningi zezinto inthanethi nokuphathelene, ekhanya bodokotela, futhi ushintsha njalo. Ngokwesibonelo, njengoba nje nami ngizoba ukuchaza kamuva kulesi sahluko, nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic kwaba incazelo kungenzeka kancane kancane. break-phansi kwe-Google Flu Amathrendi (Isigaba 2.4.2), kodwa lokhu ayekusho kwakungamanga okunzima ukuhlola ngoba ukusebenza engaphakathi yosesho lwe-Google algorithm kukhona nokuphathelene. Ubunjalo ashukumisayo nolokukhungathekisa algorithmic iwuhlobo oluthile system drift. nolokukhungathekisa Algorithmic kusho ukuthi kufanele sibe zokuqaphela nanoma yisiphi isibizo ezibangela ukuziphatha okuthile kwabantu ukuthi livela uhlelo olulodwa digital, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi likhulu kangakanani.
