1.2 Welcome to the age digital

I age digital yonke indawo, ukuthi ezikhulayo, futhi ishintsha yini kungenzeka kubacwaningi.

I kwesisekelo central yale ncwadi wukuthi yobudala digital idala amathuba amasha ucwaningo social. Manje abacwaningi zibone, buza imibuzo, ukuhlola run, futhi uhlanganyele ngezindlela ezazingakaze akunakwenzeka esikhathini esidlule ngempela yamuva. Bekanye lamathuba amasha futhi eze izingozi ezintsha; Manje abacwaningi ukulimaza abantu ngezindlela ezazingakaze ayinakwenzeka esikhathini esidlule ngempela yamuva. Umthombo lamathuba kanye nezingozi kuyinto soguquko kusukela kwaneminyaka analog kuya yobudala digital. Lolu shintsho akwenzekanga konke ngesikhathi esisodwa-like a light-switch turning on-futhi, eqinisweni, ukwedlulela asikapheleli. Kodwa, yileli phuzu sesibonile ngokwanele ukwazi ukuthi into enkulu okwenzekayo.

Enye indlela ukuqaphela lokhu kushintsha ukubheka izinguquko ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ziningi izinto empilweni yakho ukuthi esetshenziswa ukuba analog manje digital. Mhlawumbe nawe wasebenzisa ukusebenzisa ikhamera ne ifilimu futhi manje wena usebenzise ikhamera digital (okuyinto cishe ingxenye ifoni yakho digital). Mhlawumbe nawe wasebenzisa ukufunda iphephandaba ngokomzimba futhi manje ufunda iphephandaba online. Mhlawumbe nawe kusetshenziswe ukukhokhela izinto ukheshi ngokomzimba futhi manje ukhokha nge-credit card. Esimweni ngasinye, aphuma analog kuya digital kusho ukuthi ukwaziswa okwengeziwe manje othwetshulwayo futhi agcinwe digitally.

Eqinisweni, lapho sabuka ekuhlanganisweni, imiphumela yoguquko kukhona esethusayo. Inani lokwaziswa emhlabeni kuyanda futhi ngaphezulu ukuthi ulwazi olulondolozwe ilebula lokumaka, okuyinto kusiza analysis, transmission, nokuhlanganisa (Umdwebo 1.1) (Hilbert and López 2011) . Konke lokhu kwaziswa digital sesifikile ukuba abizwe ngokuthi "idatha big." Ngaphezu kwalokhu ukuqhuma idatha digital, kukhona ukukhula ukufana ukufinyelela yethu ukuze amandla Computing (Umdwebo 1.1) (Hilbert and López 2011) . Le mikhuba-okwandayo ilwazi digital kanye nekwenyusa Computing-show akutholakalanga phawu ingasheshi.

Umdwebo 1.1: Ulwazi isitoreji umthamo namandla Computing ziyanda kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi isitoreji manje ninodwa digital (Hilbert and López 2011) . Lezi zinguquko ukudala amathuba Amazing kubacwaningi social.

Ngokwezinhloso zalo ucwaningo social, ngicabanga isici esibaluleke kunazo yobudala digital computer yonke indawo. Ekuthomeni kwaka njengoba imishini egumbini-sized ezazitholakala ohulumeni kanye nezinkampani ezinkulu kuphela, amakhompyutha ziye njalo zincipha ngobukhulu futhi lwanda ukuthandwa. Eshumini leminyaka Ngamunye kusukela 1980, siye sabona uhlobo olusha Computing ziyaphuma: computer, ama-laptops, amafoni smart, futhi zonke izilimi manje ekuphatsa lekusetjentiswa (ie, amakhompyutha ngaphakathi Amadivayisi ezifana izimoto, amawashi, futhi amath-) (Waldrop 2016) . Bayanda lezi computer ubiquotous ukwenza okungaphezu nje ukubala; zinaso abaluzwa, isitolo, futhi udlulise ulwazi.

Ngoba abacwaningi, okushiwo computer yonke indawo alula ukubona online, lesimondzawo elinganisiwe ngokugcwele futhi amenable ngingene shí. Ngokwesibonelo, i esitolo inthanethi kalula ukuqoqa idatha emangalisayo eqondile mayelana yezitolo kanye nokuthengwa amaphethini izigidi amakhasimende. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i esitolo inthanethi kalula ngokungahleleki ezinye amakhasimende ukuthola omunye shopping nakho nabanye ukuthola enye. Leli khono lokubona ngokungahleleki phezu yokuthola kusho ukuthi izitolo inthanethi kungaba njalo ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa randomized elawulwa. Eqinisweni, uma uke wathenga yini esuka esitolo online ukuziphatha kwakho kwehliselwe zilandelwa uke cishe ngokuqinisekile waba uhlanganyele kulelo UCWANINGO, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wayazi noma cha.

Leli zwe ngokugcwele ayephila-ngokugcwele-randomizable is hhayi nje okwenzekayo inthanethi; it is ngokuya kwenzekani kuyo yonke indawo. izitolo Physical kakade ukuqoqa idatha enemininingwane ngokwedlulele ukuthenga, futhi zakha ingqalasizinda ukuqapha kumakhasimende ethenga ukuziphatha uhlanganise zokucwaninga esimisweni zebhizinisi. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ucabanga yobudala digital akufanele nje ucabange online, kufanele ucabange yonke indawo. age Digital ucwaningo social kuzobandakanya abantu uxhumana esikhaleni digital ngokugcwele futhi kuzobandakanya abantu besebenzisa amadivaysi digital emhlabeni wangempela.

Ngaphezu okwenza nesilinganiso nokuziphatha eqenjini zokwelapha, futhi ngineminyaka engu digital kuye kwabasiza izindlela ezintsha kubantu ukuxhumana. Lezi letisha zokuxhumana ukuvumela abacwaningi ukugijima survey ezintsha futhi ukudala ukusebenzisana mass nozakwabo kanye nomphakathi jikelele.

A abagxeki angase ambonise ukuthi akukho neyodwa kulezi zinkolo amakhono kukhona amasha ngempela. Okungukuthi, esikhathini esidlule, iye yaba khona eminye intuthuko enkulu amakhono izizwe 'ukuxhumana (isib yocingo (Gleick 2011) ), kanye nama-computer ziye ekutholeni ngokushesha ngesikhathi cishe ngezinga elifanayo kusukela ngawo-1960 (Waldrop 2016) . Kodwa, yini le abagxeki entulekayo wukuthi ngesikhathi esithile ngaphezulu okufanayo iba into ehlukile (Halevy, Norvig, and Pereira 2009) . Nakhu isifaniso engizithandayo. Uma ungakwazi thatha isithombe ehhashini, ungafaka isithombe. Futhi, uma ungakwazi wasithatha 24 izithombe ehhashini ngomzuzwana, ungafaka i-movie. Yiqiniso, ibhayisikobho nje isigejane izithombe, kodwa die kuphela abagxeki kanzima bangase bathi izithombe kanye movie ayafana.

Abacwaningi inqubo yokwenza inguquko lifana kanjani ushintsho kusuka izithombe kuya namabhayisikobho. Lolu shintsho akusho ukuthi konke esiye sakufunda esikhathini esidlule kufanele kushaywe indiva. Njengoba nje izimiso izithombe azise izimiso of namabhayisikobho, izimiso yocwaningo social esikhathini esidlule uzokwazisa ucwaningo social yesikhathi esizayo. Kodwa, ukwedlulela kusho futhi ukuthi akufanele kodwa niqhubeka nenza into efanayo. Kunalokho, kumelwe sihlanganise izindlela zika esedlule amakhono zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ucwaningo of Blumenstock kanye nozakwabo kwaba nenye bendabuko ucwaningo inhlolovo nalokho abanye abangase bakubize isayensi idatha. Zombili lezo izithako zazidingeka: kungoni izimpendulo inhlolovo noma amarekhodi kwefoni babengabahwebi ngokwanele. Ezimweni ezivamile, ngicabanga ukuthi ngokuya abacwaningi social kuyodingeka ukuhlanganisa i-social science nesayensi idatha ukuze siwasebenzise ngokunenzuzo amathuba of the age digital. Ukuze uqhubeke kuphela ukuthatha izithombe lapho singasakwazi futhi lokhu uzobe uqamba amabhayisikobho Kungaba iphutha.