Abacwaningi abaningi babonakala babambelela emibonweni engqubuzanayo yabantu the IRB. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, babheka IRB ukuba abe ubushiqela bumbling. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, baba futhi ucabangele IRB ukuba abe umlamuli yokugcina ka izinqumo zokuziphatha. Okungukuthi, babonakala bekholelwa ukuthi uma IRB isivumela, khona-ke kumelwe abe OK. Uma sivuma ukulinganiselwa yangempela IRBs njengoba ezikhona-futhi kukhona abaningi babo (Schrag 2010; Schrag 2011; Hoonaard 2011; Klitzman 2015; King and Sands 2015; Schneider 2015) ngaleso sikhathi thina njengoba abacwaningi kumelwe uthathe on eyengeziwe umthwalo izimiso ucwaningo lwethu. I IRB kuyinto esitezi hhayi ophahleni futhi lo mbono kunemithelela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
Okokuqala, i-IRB kuyinto floor kusho ukuthi uma usebenza ngaleso esikhungweni kudinga ukubuyekeza IRB, khona-ke kufanele silandele leyo mithetho. Lokhu kungase kubacacele, kodwa ngiye ngabona ukuthi abanye abantu babonakala bafuna ukugwema IRB. Eqinisweni, uma usebenza ezindaweni ngobulungiswa nokwethuka, lo IRB kungaba qinile sizana. Uma ulandela imithetho yabo, kufanele ume ngemuva bazokupha into ethile kufanele uhambe okungalungile ucwaningo lwakho (King and Sands 2015) . Futhi, uma ungenawo landela imithetho yabo, ungase uthole wena wedwa esimweni esinzima kakhulu.
Okwesibili, i-IRB akuyona ophahleni kusho ukuthi nje ngokugcwalisa amafomu akho kanye kulandela imithetho hhayi ngokwanele. Ezimweni eziningi njengoba umcwaningi uyena owazi kakhulu mayelana nendlela yokuthatha isinyathelo ngobulungiswa. Ekugcineni, wena umcwaningi nomthwalo wemfanelo zesimilo olala nawe; it igama lakho ephepheni kuyinto.
Enye indlela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi aphathe lo IRB njengoba floor hhayi ophahleni iwukuba zihlanganisa isithasiselo lisezingeni amaphepha akho. Eqinisweni, ungase ekubhaleni i-appendix zakho zokuziphatha ngaphambi kokuba sitadishe yakho iqala ngisho ukuze bophezela cabanga ngezindlela wena sizochaza umsebenzi wakho nontanga yakho umphakathi. Uma uzithola ungakhululekile ngenkathi ubhala i-appendix yakho, ke isifundo sakho ingase ungaluqhuzuli ibhalansi zesimilo ezifanele. Ngaphezu kokukusiza ukuxilonga umsebenzi wakho siqu, kokushicilela OKUNANYATHISELWE zakho zokuziphatha kuzosiza umphakathi nocwaningo ukudingida izimpikiswano ngokuphathelene nezimiso zokuziphatha futhi ukusungula kwezinkambiso ezifanele zisekelwe izibonelo ucwaningo real enokwehla. Ithebula 6.3 samanje ucwaningo amaphepha enokwehla ukuthi ngicabanga babe nezingxoxo ezimnandi nokuziphatha ucwaningo. I bengavumelani zonke simangalo abalobi kulezi zingxoxo, kodwa konke kuyizibonelo abacwaningi ukuziphatha ngobuqotho ngomqondo kuchazwe ngu Carter (1996) : esimweni ngasinye, abacwaningi (1) anqume ukuthi yini abacabanga ukuthi ilungile futhi yini eyiphutha; (2) benza ngananyana ngisiphi isihloko sebenqume, ngisho noma lokho kusho ukulahlekelwa ngandlela-thile; kanye (3) they babonise obala ukuthi baziphethe ekucwaningweni yabo lokumukelekako isimo.
Study | Issue ebhekiswe |
---|---|
Rijt et al. (2014) | Lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo emkhakheni ngaphandle kwemvume |
ngokugwema umonakalo nekuhlahlelwa | |
Paluck and Green (2009) | Lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo emkhakheni ezweni elisathuthuka |
ucwaningo kwi ndaba ebucayi | |
nezindaba kwemvume eziyinkimbinkimbi | |
kulungiswa of efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka kungenzeka | |
Burnett and Feamster (2015) | ucwaningo ngaphandle kwemvume |
kulinganisa izingozi nezinzuzo uma izingozi kunzima kwezakhi | |
Chaabane et al. (2014) | umonakalo omkhulu kwezenhlalo yocwaningo |
usebenzisa leaked amafayela idatha | |
Jakobsson and Ratkiewicz (2006) | Lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo emkhakheni ngaphandle kwemvume |
Soeller et al. (2016) | imigomo yesevisi ephulwa |