3.5.2 Wiki survey
Survey Wiki unike amandla nzalo omusha we imibuzo levalekile.
Ngaphezu kokubuza imibuzo ngezikhathi eziningi zemvelo nakwezinye izimo zemvelo, ubuchwepheshe obusha buyasisiza ukuba sishintshe ifomu lemibuto. Imibuzo eminingi yokucwaninga ivaliwe, kanye nabaphenduli bekhetha kusuka ekukhethweni okuhleliwe okubhalwe abacwaningi. Lena inqubo omunye umcwaningi ohlolisayo wokucwaninga obiza ngokuthi "ukubeka amagama emilonyeni yabantu." Isibonelo, nansi umbuzo wokuhlola ovaliwe:
"Lo mbuzo olandelayo ukhuluma ngomsebenzi. Ngicela ungibheke leli khadi futhi ungitshele ukuthi yikuphi okulolu hlu ongathanda kakhulu kulo msebenzi?
- Imali engenayo ephezulu
- Ayikho ingozi yokuxoshwa
- Amahora okusebenza afushane, isikhathi esiningi samahhala
- Amathuba okuthuthuka
- Umsebenzi ubalulekile, futhi unikeza umuzwa wokufezeka. "
Kodwa ingabe yizona kuphela izimpendulo ezikhona? Kungenzeka ukuthi abacwaningi balahlekelwe okuthile okubalulekile ngokunciphisa izimpendulo kulaba abahlanu? Okunye okunye kumbuzo evaliwe ngumbuzo wokuhlola ophelile. Nansi umbuzo ofanayo obuzwe ngendlela evulekile:
"Lo mbuzo olandelayo ngendaba yomsebenzi. Abantu afune izinto ezahlukene umsebenzi. Yini obungathanda kakhulu bakhetha emsebenzini? "
Nakuba le mibuzo emibili ibonakala ifana, inhlolovo eyenziwe nguWoward Schuman noStanley Presser (1979) yembula ukuthi ingaveza imiphumela ehluke kakhulu: cishe amaphesenti angama-60 empendulo embuzweni ovulekile ayifakiwe kumphendvulo emihlanu eyenziwa umcwaningi ( isibalo 3.9).
Umdwebo 3.9: Imiphumela evela ekuhlolweni kokuhlola okubonisa ukuthi izimpendulo zingancika ukuthi ngabe umbuzo ubuzwa ngendlela evaliwe noma evulekile. Ishintshwe ku- Schuman and Presser (1979) , ithebula 1.
Nakuba imibuzo evulekile nevaliwe ingaveza ulwazi oluhluke kakhulu futhi bobabili babethandwa ezinsukwini zokuqala zocwaningo lokucwaninga, imibuzo evaliwe ifike ekubuseni ensimini. Lokhu ukubusa akukhona ngoba imibuzo evaliwe iye yafakazelwa ukuthi inikeze isilinganiso esingcono, kodwa kunalokho ngoba kulula ukuyisebenzisa; inqubo yokuhlaziya imibuzo evulekile ifinyelela iphutha futhi iyabiza. Ukusuka emibuthanweni evulekile kuyinhlanhla ngoba yilokho ulwazi abacwaningi abangabazi esikhathini esingaphambili kakhulu.
Ukuguqulwa okuvela kubantu okulawulwa yizinkampani eziphethwe yi-computer, noma kunjalo, kusikisela indlela entsha yokuphuma kule nkinga endala. Kuthiwani uma manje singaba nemibuzo yokuhlola ehlanganisa izici ezinhle kakhulu zombili imibuzo evulekile nevaliwe? Lokhu-ke, kuthiwani uma singaba nenhlolovo yokuthi kokubili ulwazi luvulekile kolwazi futhi luveza izimpendulo ezilula zokuhlaziya? Yilokho kanye uKaren Levy kanye nami (2015) azame ukwakha.
Ngokuyinhloko, mina noKaren sicabanga ukuthi amawebhusayithi aqoqa futhi aphephe okuqukethwe okukhiqizwa ngumsebenzisi angakwazi ukwazisa ukuklama kwezinhlobo ezintsha zokuhlola. Sasiphefumulelwe ikakhulukazi i-Wikipedia-isibonelo esihle kakhulu senqubo evulekile, eqinile eqhutshwa okuqukethwe okusetshenziswe ngumsebenzisi-ngakho sabiza ucwaningo lwethu olusha ukuhlola kwe- wiki . Njengoba nje i-Wikipedia iguqukela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokusekelwe emibonweni yabahlanganyeli bayo, sicabanga ngenhlolovo eguqukela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokusekelwe emibonweni yabahlanganyeli bayo . Mina noKaren sathuthukisa izindawo ezintathu okumele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwe-wiki: kufanele babe nokuhaha, ukusebenzisana nokuguquguquka. Khona-ke, ngeqembu labathuthukisi bewebhu, sidale iwebhusayithi engaphumelela i-wiki survey_: www.allourideas.org .
Inqubo yokuqoqa idatha ekuhloleni kwe-wiki iboniswe iphrojekthi esayenza neHhovisi likaMeya waseNew York City ukuze kuhlanganiswe imibono yabakhamuzi ku-PlaNYC 2030, uhlelo lweNews York yokusimama jikelele. Ukuqala inqubo, iHhovisi likaMeya laveza uhlu lwama-25 imibono esekelwe ekufinyeleleni kwabo kwangaphambili (isb. "Idinga zonke izakhiwo ezinkulu ukwenza ngcono ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi" futhi "Fundisa izingane ngezinkinga eziluhlaza njengengxenye yekharikhulamu yesikole"). Ukusebenzisa le mibono engu-25 njengembewu, iHhovisi likaMeya labuza umbuzo othi "Ucabanga ukuthi ngumuphi umqondo ongcono wokudala i-New York City enkulu?" Abaphendulile banikezwe ngemibono emibili (isb., "Vula amaschool esikoleni njengendawo yokudlala yomphakathi "kanye" Ukwandisa izihlahla ezihlosiwe ezihlaleni ezindaweni ezinamazinga aphezulu aphezulu "), futhi babuzwa ukuba bakhethe phakathi kwabo (isibalo 3.10). Ngemuva kokukhetha, abaphenduli basheshe bavezwe ngenye imibono ekhethiwe ngokungahleliwe. Bakwazi ukuqhubeka befaka ulwazi mayelana nezintandokazi zabo uma nje befisa ukuvota noma ngokukhetha "Angikwazi ukunquma." Ngokuyinhloko, noma ngabe yikuphi, abaphendulile bakwazi ukufaka imibono yabo siqu, okuyinto ekulindeleke imvume Ihhovisi likaMeya-yaba yingxenye yedamu lemibono okufanele ihanjiswe kwabanye. Ngakho-ke, imibuzo abahlanganyeli abatholile beyivulekile futhi ivaliwe kanyekanye.
Umdwebo 3.10: Isikhombandlela sokuhlola kweviki. Iphaneli (a) ikhombisa isikrini sempendulo nephaneli (b) sibonisa isikrini somphumela. Salganik and Levy (2015) imvume evela ku- Salganik and Levy (2015) , isibalo 2.
IHhovisi likaMeya liqalise ukuhlolwa kwalo kweviki ngo-Okthoba 2010 ngokubambisana nochungechunge lwemikhakha yomphakathi ukuthola impendulo yokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezine, abaphenduli abangu-1,436 banikeze izimpendulo ezingu-31 899 nemibono emisha engu-464. Ngokweqile, 8 kwezinguquko eziphezulu ezi-10 zalayishwa ngabahlanganyeli kunokuba yingxenye yezimiso zembewu ezivela eHhovisi likaMeya. Futhi, njengoba sichaza ephepheni lethu, leli phethini, nemibono elayishiwe engcono kakhulu kunemibono yembewu, kwenzeka ezinhlokweni eziningi ze-wiki. Ngamanye amazwi, ngokuvuleka kolwazi olusha, abacwaningi bakwazi ukufunda izinto ezingabanjwanga ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi ezivaliwe.
Ngaphandle kwemiphumela yalezi zinhlolovo, iphrojekthi yethu yokuhlola i-wiki iphinde ikhombise ukuthi isakhiwo sezindleko zocwaningo lwedijithali sisho ukuthi abacwaningi bangakwazi ukuzibandakanya nezwe ngezindlela ezingafani. Abacwaningi bezemfundo manje sebekwazi ukwakha izinhlelo zangempela ezingasetshenziswa abantu abaningi: siye sabamba okungaphezu kuka-10,000 ukuhlolwa kweviki futhi siqoqe izimpendulo ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-15. Lekhono lokudala into engasetshenziswa esilinganisweni livela eqinisweni lokuthi uma iwebhusayithi isakhiwe, kubiza ngokuyinhloko ukuthi yenzeke ngokukhululekile kuwo wonke umuntu emhlabeni (Yebo, lokhu bekungeke kwenzeke uma sinabantu -Izinkhulumiswano eziphathisiwe). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sikali senza izinhlobo ezahlukene zocwaningo. Isibonelo, lezi zimpendulo eziyizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-15, kanye nokusakaza kwethu kwabahlanganyeli, zinikeza umbuzo obalulekile wokuhlola ucwaningo lwezindlela ezizayo. Ngizochaza kabanzi ngamanye amathuba okucwaninga adalwe ngezakhiwo zendleko yedijithali-iminyaka-ikakhulukazi idatha yezindleko eziguquguqukayo-uma ngixoxa ngezivivinyo esahlukweni 4.
