2.4.1.1 neeteksi City New York

Umphandi kusetyenziswa idata enkulu ukusuka iimitha iteksi ukufunda kwezigqibo abaqhubi beeteksi eNew York. Ezi data owayekufanelekela kakuhle olu phando.

Omnye umzekelo amandla elula yokubala okulungileyo uvela Henry Farber ngayo (2015) ukufunda yokuziphatha abaqhubi beeteksi City New York. Nangona eli qela ukuze ayivakali khon'ukuze umdla yinto isiza sophando lweqhinga yokuvavanywa iingcamango ezimbini ebekhuphisana Economics yabasebenzi. Ngeenjongo zophando Farber, kukho iinkalo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo emsebenzini abaqhubi beeteksi: 1) semivuzo yabo ngeyure kumana imihla ngemihla, olusekelwe ngokuyinxenye kwizinto ezifana imozulu kunye 2) inani leeyure zisebenza tshi ngosuku ngalunye ngokusekelwe izigqibo lomqhubi. Ezi mpawu kukhokelela umbuzo umdla malunga nolwalamano phakathi umvuzo ngeyure kunye leeyure ezisetyenziweyo. imifuziselo Neoclassical angoqoqosho ukuqikelela ukuba abaqhubi beeteksi kusebenza ngaphezulu ngeentsuku apho imivuzo ephezulu ngeyure. Kungenjalo, iimodeli ezoqoqosho zokuziphatha ukuqikelela kanye esahlukileyo. Ukuba abaqhubi umise ingeniso ethile ekujoliswe-ndithi $ 100 ngosuku-umsebenzi de ukuba kujoliswe kuko wadibana, ngoko abaqhubi inokuphela ukusebenza iiyure ezimbalwa ngeentsuku ukuba eninzi. Umzekelo, ukuba ube wedwa ithagethi, usenokugqibela ukusebenza iiyure 4 ngemini elungileyo ($ 25 ngeyure) kunye neeyure 5 ngemini embi ($ 20 ngeyure nganye). Ngoko ke, musa abaqhubi asebenze ngaphezulu kweeyure ezili ngeentsuku yimivuzo ephakamileyo ngeyure (njengoko xelwayo imifuziselo neoclassical) okanye iiyure vetshe kunye imivuzo ephantsi yeyure iintsuku (njengoko kuxelwe ngenx yi imifuziselo zokuziphatha zoqoqosho)?

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo Farber lafumana idatha kuhambo iteksi zonke esithathwe iinqwelo City New York ukususela 2009 - 2013, e data ngoku fumaneka . Le data-leyo eqokelelwe iimitha zombane ukuba isixeko ufuna iteksi ukusebenzisa-kuquka eliqela ulwazi uhambo nganye: ukuqala ixesha, qala indawo, ixesha lesiphelo, isiphelo indawo, imali, kwaye incam (ukuba incam ihlawulwe kunye ikhadi letyala). Xa zizonke, data Farber ngayo eziqulathwe iinkcukacha kwiihambo nama 900 ezigidi ngethuba nama-40 ezigidi iishifti (ukutshintshela kuphantse umsebenzi imini enye ukuze umqhubi enye). Enyanisweni, kukho data kakhulu, ukuba Farber sasebenzisa random sample kuwo ngenxa uhlalutyo yakhe. Ukusebenzisa le iteksi imitha data, Farber wafumanisa ukuba abaqhubi uninzi umsebenzi ngeentsuku xa umvuzo ziphakamile, ngokuhambelana ingcamango neoclassical. Ukongeza esi siphumo engundoqo, Farber wakwazi kusebenzisa ubungakanani lwazi ukuqonda ngcono ukungafani kunye neentshukumo. Farber wafumanisa ukuba ekuhambeni kwexesha ngokuthe abaqhubi intsha bafunde ukuba asebenze ngaphezulu kweeyure ngeentsuku imivuzo ephezulu (umzekelo, bafunda ukuba baziphathe njengoko imifuziselo neoclassical qikelela). Kwaye, abaqhubi abatsha awayeziphethe kufana abarhola ekujoliswe kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayeke umqhubi weteksi. Zombini ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo inobuqhophololo ngaphezu kwazo, nto leyo eya kukunceda ukucacisa ukuziphatha bokugcinwa abaqhubi lwangoku, kunokwenzeka kuphela ngenxa ubungakanani dataset. Baya kuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubabona kwizifundo ngaphambili ukuba kusetyenziswa uhambo iphepha sheets evela kwinani elincinane abaqhubi beeteksi kwithuba elifutshane (umzekelo, Camerer et al. (1997) ).

isifundo Farber yaba kufutshane a-ibhetele isifundo usebenzisa data ezinkulu. Kuqala, idatha abazange non-ummeli kuba umzi efunekayo abaqhubi ukusebenzisa iimitha yedijithali. Kwaye, idatha aziphelelanga kuba iinkcukacha ezaziqokelelwe yi isixeko lalimile kufutshane data ange Farber eqokelelwe ukuba waba ukhetho (umahluko kukuba Farber kuba data babefuna kwi iyonke umvuzo-okukhwela plus tips- kodwa idata isixeko yayiquka kuphela tips ehlawulwa credit card). Undoqo kuphando Farber yayiza Edibanisa umbuzo kunye data elungileyo. Ezi data wedwa akwanelanga.