1.4.1 Readymades kwaye Custommades
Uphando loLuntu kweminyaka lwamasuntswana kubandakanya Readymades, Custommades, kunye ibhastile enamandla.
Omnye zokuchamela adumileyo ngonaphakade kwathengwa 1917, yaye loo yokuchamela kukuthi, ngeendlela ezithile, ezifana amaqashiso yophando lwezentlalo kweminyaka yesuntswana. Lo yokuchamela ekuthethwa yathengwa wegcisa French Marcel Duchamp. Emva kokuba ethenge kuyo, Duchamp iphetshana "R. Mutt 1917 ", uze igama Fountain indalo yakhe (Figure 1.2). Nangona yokwamkela okokuqala kuba udikidiki, Fountain kufikile ingqalelo omnye iziqwenga ibalulekileyo taka kuba kukholelwa yatshintsha nendlela abantu abacinga ngayo zobugcisa (Higgins 2004) . Fountain ngumzekelo we Readymade, apho igcisa ubona into sele ikhona ehlabathini ngoko repurposes nto nokuzoba.
Isazobe 1.2:. Fountain yi Marcel Duchamp Fountain ngumzekelo we Readymade, apho igcisa ubona into esele ikhona ehlabathini ngoko ngokuyilayo repurposes nto art. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uphando oluninzi lwezentlalo kweminyaka lwedijithali inxaxheba UkuFumanela data awayidalayo ngenxa enye injongo ngaphandle kophando. Ifoto ngu-Alfred Stiglitz, 1917. Umthombo: Wikimedia Commons .
Uninzi lophando lwezentlalo kweminyaka lwedijithali, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, waba elikumila kunjalo, nangona nabaziyo isiphumo esifanayo. Abaphandi baye baqonda ukuba iirekhodi yedijithali wadalwa oorhulumente kunye namashishini ngeenjongo-ezifana zabo njengoko logs ifowuni, iitekisi ekhompyutheni, kunye nosasazo zentlalo data-nokuba selebonwa uphando kwezentlalo (Lazer 2015) . Ngamanye amazwi, uphando oluninzi lwezentlalo kweminyaka lwedijithali ibe ukhangelo Readymades Data.
Noko ke, kanye njengoko uninzi amagcisa musa ukuhamba efuna Readymades, abaninzi abaphandi zentlalo ngaphambili anihambanga efuna yedatha selebonwa. Endaweni yoko, kunokuba data-iqhutywa, uphando eziphumeleleyo ekuhlaleni elidlulileyo mbuzo-eqhutywa. Oko kukuthi, umphandi nombuzo ndaza ndafumana okanye wadala data ezifunekayo ukuze siphendule loo mbuzo. Komzobi ubonisa oku isimbo umsebenzi uMichelangelo. Wayefuna ukwenza umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaDavide ngoko wachitha iminyaka 3 kudlule ibhloko marble ukudala wobugcisa yakhe (Figure 1.3) UDavide asiyo Readymade.; yinto Custommade.
Isazobe 1.3: uDavide Michaelangelo uDavide ngumzekelo zobugcisa ukuba wadalwa ngabom;. yinto Custommade. Le isimbo sahluke Readymades ezifana Fountain (Figure 1.2). uphando loLuntu kweminyaka lwamasuntswana kubandakanya zombini Readymades kunye Custommades. Ifoto ngu Jörg Bittner Unna, 2008. Umthombo: Wikimedia Commons .
uphando loLuntu kweminyaka lwamasuntswana kuquka Duchamps kwaye Michelangelos, bobabini Readymades kunye Custommades. Le ncwadi iza kuphonononga ezi ndlela zimbini, yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, oko kuya kubonisa ukuba zinokudityaniswa njani iingxilimbela ezinamandla. Umzekelo, uYoshuwa Blumenstock kunye nabo babeyinxalenye Duchamp inxenye Michelangelo; bona selebonwa le mobile phone call data (a Readymade) kwaye wadala uphando ngokwazo idatha yazo (a Custommade). Le sokuxuba Readymades kwaye Custommades ngumzekelo uzakubona yonke le ncwadi.
