Iyonke iimpazamo uphando error = ukumelwa + iimpazamo yomlinganiselo.
Zininzi iintlobo iimpazamo ukuze banyebelezela uqikelelo zophando, yaye ukususela 1940 abaphandi baye ukuba alungiselele ngendlela, ukuqonda, nokunciphisa ezi iimpazamo. Njengabaneziphumo ebalulekileyo kuzo zonke ukuba kufuneka umgudu esi sikhokelo imposiso uphando iyonke (Groves et al. 2009; Weisberg 2005) . Ingqiqo ukususela sikhokelo impazamo uphando iyonke kukuba iingxaki iziinxalenye emele ezimbini eziphambili: iingxaki ezinxulumene nina ukuthetha (umelo) kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene noko ukufunda kwezo ncoko (womlinganiselo). Ngokomzekelo, usenokuba unomdla ukuqikelela isimo malunga umgaqo-intanethi kubantu abadala abahlala eFransi. Ukwenza le kelelo ifuna iintlobo zahlukene ezimbini inzuzo. Okokuqala, ukususela iimpendulo abaphendule kuninika, kufuneka ukuqonda izimo zabo zabucala intanethi. Okwesibini, ukususela izimo echaziwe phakathi abaphenduli, kufuneka thelekelela izimo kwi kwanabantu bebonke. Uhlobo lokuqala nibhekisela egunyeni psychology nenzululwazi cognitive; kunye nohlobo lwesibini nibhekisela egunyeni manani. Udweliso isampuli ngokugqibeleleyo kwimibuzo yesaveyi embi uya kuvelisa uqikelelo embi, kunye Udweliso isampuli embi kunye kwimibuzo yesaveyi ogqibeleleyo uya kuvelisa uqikelelo embi. Uqikelelo Good lufuna iindlela ezivakalayo zemilinganiselo umelo. Ngenxa imvelaphi ukuba, elandelayo, ndiza sokuphonononga ukuba abaphandi saveyi ziye wacinga nomelo zemilinganiselo elidlulileyo. Ndilindele ukuba inkoliso le mathiriyeli iya kuba kwakhona ukuba scienitsts zentlalo, kodwa kusenokuba entsha izazinzulu data. Emva koko, ndiza kukubonisa indlela ezo ngcamango kukhokela uphando uphando ubudala yesuntswana.