2.3.7 Ukuhamba
Ukuqhutyelwa kwabantu, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo kwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa imithombo yolwazi emikhulu ukufundela ukuhamba kwexesha elide.
Enye yeenzuzo ezintle kwimithombo emininzi yolwazi kukuba baqokelela idatha ngexesha. Iingcali zenzululwazi zibiza olu hlobo lwengcaciso yexesha elide lwedatha . Kwaye, ngokwemvelo, idatha yexesha elide ibaluleke kakhulu ekufundeni utshintsho. Ukuze kulungiswe ukutshintsha okuthe tye, kunjalo, inkqubo yokulinganisa ngokwayo mayizinzile. Ngamazwi enzululwazi u-Otis Dudley Duncan, "ukuba ufuna ukulinganisa utshintsho, ungatshintshi umlinganiselo" (Fischer 2011) .
Ngelishwa, ezininzi iinkqubo zedatha-ikakhulukazi iinkqubo zoshishino-zitshintsha lonke ixesha, inqubo endiyibiza ngokuba yi- drift . Ngokukodwa, ezi nkqubo ziguquka kwiindlela ezintathu eziphambili: ukuqhutyelwa kwabantu (utshintshe ukuba ngubani owenzayo), ukuqhuma kokuziphatha (utshintshe indlela abantu abayisebenzisa ngayo), kunye nenkqubo yokukhutshwa komsebenzi (utshintshe kwinkqubo ngokwayo). Imithombo emithathu yokukhupha ithetha ukuba nayiphi na iphethini kwimithombo enkulu yedatha ingabangelwa utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwihlabathi, okanye kungabangela uhlobo oluthile lokuhamba.
Umthombo wokuqala wokuqhutyelwa kwamanzi-kubangelwa nguqulelo kumntu osebenzisa inkqubo, kwaye ezi nguqu zinokwenzeka kwixesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokhetho lukaMongameli we-US lwangonyaka ka-2012 inani leetweets malunga nezopolitiko ezibhalwa ngabasetyhini abaguquguqukayo imihla ngemihla (Diaz et al. 2016) . Ngaloo ndlela, oko kubonakala ngathi utshintsho kwindinyana ye-Twitter inokuba yintoni utshintsho kuba ngubani uthetha nanoma yimuphi umzuzu. Ukongeza kule nkqubela yexesha elifutshane, kuye kwaye kwaba nenkqubela yexesha elide lamaqela athile abemukelayo kunye nokushiya i-Twitter.
Ukongezelela kwiinguqulelo ekusebenziseni inkqubo, kukho utshintsho kwindlela inkqubo isetyenziselwa ngayo, endibiza ngokuba yi-drift drift. Ngokomzekelo, ngethuba loqhankqalazo lwe-Occupy Gezi eTurkey, abaqhankqalazi batshintshile ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwama-hashtag njengoko ukukhusela kubonakala. Nantsi indlela uZeynep Tufekci (2014) echaza ngayo ukuziphatha kokuziphatha, oko wakwazi ukukubona ngenxa yokuba wayejonga ukuziphatha kwi-Twitter nangomntu:
Okwenzekile kukuba ngokukhawuleza ukuba umbhikisho waba yimbali ebalulekileyo, inani elikhulu labantu ... bayeka ukusebenzisa ii-hashtag ngaphandle kokuqwalasela into entsha ... Nangona iingqungquthela zaqhubeka, kwaye zomelela, i-hashtag yafa. Udliwano-ndlebe zibonise izizathu ezibini zezi. Okokuqala, xa wonke umntu eyazi isihloko, i-hashtag yayisisithuba esingenasiphelo kunye neyonakalisa kwiqonga elincinci le-Twitter. Okwesibini, ama-hashtag abonwa nje ngokuba luncedo ekukhangiseni isihloko esithile, kungekhona ukuthetha ngawo. "
Ngoko ke, abaphandi ababefunda zoqhankqalazo ngokuhlalutya Tweets kunye hashtags ezinxulumene-yoqhankqalazo iza kuba banembono oko kwakusenzeka ngenxa yale belishiya zokuziphatha. Ngokomzekelo, ukuze bakholwe ukuba ingxoxo koqhankqalazo yehla elide phambi kokuba ngenene yehla.
Uhlobo lwesithathu lokukhupha luyinkqubo. Kule meko, akukhona abantu abaguqula okanye ukuguquka kwabo, kodwa inkqubo iyakutshintsha. Ngokomzekelo, ngaphezu kwexesha i-Facebook iye yandisa umda kwixesha lokuhlaziywa kwesimo. Ngaloo ndlela, nayiphi na i-longitudinal study of status updates iya kuba yingozi kwiintlobo zezinto ezibangelwa ngulo tshintsho. Ukuhamba kweNkqubo kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo kwingxaki ebizwa ngokuba yi-algorithmic confounding, endiza kuyivalela kwicandelo 2.3.8.
Ukugqiba, imithombo emininzi yolwazi ikhuphuka ngenxa yeenguqu kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo, ngendlela esetyenziswa ngayo, kunye nendlela iindlela ezisebenza ngayo. Le mithombo yenguqu ngamanye amaxesha imibuzo enomdla, kodwa olu tshintsho luneenkqubela phambili kwimithombo emikhulu yedatha ukulandelelanisa ukutshintsha kwexesha elide.
