1.5 Inkcazo yale ncwadi

Le ncwadi iqhubela phambili ngokucwangciswa kwezinto ezine eziphambili zophando: ukujonga ukuziphatha, ukubuza imibuzo, ukuqhuba iimvavanyo, nokudala intsebenziswano. Ngayinye yale ndlela ifuna ulwalamano oluhlukileyo phakathi kwabaphandi kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba, kwaye nganye isenza sikwazi ukufunda izinto ezahlukeneyo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba sibuza abantu imibuzo, sinokufunda izinto ezingenakukufunda ngokuzijonga kuphela. Ngokufanayo, ukuba siqhuba iimvavanyo, sinokufunda izinto ezingenakwenzeka kuphela ngokubheka ukuziphatha nokubuza imibuzo. Ekugqibeleni, ukuba sibambisana nabathathi-nxaxheba, sinokufunda izinto esingenakuzifunda ngokuzijonga, ukubabuza imibuzo, okanye ukubhalisa kwiimvavanyo. Ezi ndlela ezine zazisetyenziswa ngenye indlela kwiminyaka engama-50 edlulileyo, kwaye ndiqinisekile ukuba bonke baya kusetyenziswa ngenye indlela engama-50 kwiminyaka ukususela ngoku. Emva kokunikela isahluko esinye kwindlela nganye, kubandakanywa nemiba yokuziphatha ephakanyiswe yile ndlela, ndiya kunika isahluko esipheleleyo kwiimigaqo. Njengoko kuchaziwe kwiNgqungquthela, ndiza kugcina isicatshulwa esinqununu sezahlulo zicocekile ngokunokwenzeka, kwaye ngasinye sahluko siya kugqiba kunye necandelo elibizwa ngokuthi "Yintoni ekufuneka ufunde ngokulandelayo" equka ulwazi olubalulekileyo lwebriografi kunye nezikhombisi ukuze zifumane iinkcukacha ezingakumbi izinto.

Ukujonga phambili, kwisahluko 2 ("Ukuqwalasela indlela yokuziphatha"), ndiza kuchaza oko kwaye abaphandi bangafunda njani ekuqwalaseleni ukuziphatha kwabantu. Ngokukodwa, ndiya kugxininisa kwimithombo emikhulu yedata eyenziwe ngamashishini noorhulumente. Ukuphazamisa kude neenkcukacha zengumthombo othile, ndiza kuchaza iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zemithombo yolwazi enkulu kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo abaphenyi bakwazi ukusebenzisa le mithombo yolwazi yophando. Emva koko, ndiza kubonisa iindlela zokuphanda ezintathu ezingasetyenziselwa ukufunda ngokuphumelelayo kwimithombo emikhulu yedatha.

Kwisahluko 3 ("Ukubuza imibuzo"), ndiza kuqala ngokubonisa oko abaphandi bafunde ngokuhamba ngaphaya kwedatha enkulu. Ngokukodwa, ndiya kubonisa ukuba ngokubuza abantu imibuzo, abaphandi bafunde izinto abangenakukwazi ukuzifunda ngokulula ngokuzijonga. Ukuze ulungelelanise amathuba akhiwe ngethuba ledijithali, ndiya kuphinda ndihlaziye isakhelo senkcazo yesiphelo sophando jikelele. Emva koko, ndiza kubonisa indlela yobudala bedijithali obenza ngayo iindlela ezintsha kwiisampuli kunye nokuxoxwa. Ekugqibeleni, ndiza kuchaza ezimbini izicwangciso zokuhlanganisa idatha yolwazi kunye nemithombo yolwazi emikhulu.

Kwisahluko 4 ("Ukuqhuma ukuhlola"), ndiza kuqala ngokubonisa oko abaphandi bafunde xa behamba ngaphaya kokuqwalasela ukuziphatha nokubuza imibuzo yocwaningo. Ngokukodwa, ndiza kubonisa indlela uphando olulawulwa ngoncedo-apho umphandi angenelela kwilizwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo-yenza abaphandi bafunde ngobudlelwane be-causal. Ndiya kuqhathanisa iintlobo zezilingo esinokuzenza kwixesha elidlulileyo kunye neentlobo esinokuzenza ngoku. Ngaloo mvelaphi, ndiya kuchaza i-trade-offs ezibandakanyekayo kwizicwangciso eziphambili zokuqhuba iimvavanyo zedijithali. Ekugqibeleni, ndiya kugqiba ngeengcebiso ezithile malunga nendlela onokuyisebenzisa ngayo amandla ovavanyo lwedijithali, kwaye ndiza kuchaza ezinye zeembopheleleko eziza naloo mandla.

Kwisahluko sesi-5 ("Ukudala intsebenziswano yobuninzi"), ndiya kubonisa indlela abaphandi abangayenza ngayo ubudlelwane obuninzi-njengesihlwele kunye nesayensi yoluntu-ukuze kwenziwe uphando loluntu. Ngokuchaza iiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo zentsebenziswano kunye nokubonelela ngemigaqo embalwa yokwenza umgaqo-nkqubo, ndiyathemba ukukuqinisekisa ngezinto ezimbini: okokuqala, ukusebenzisana ngokubambisana kungabambiselwa uphando loluntu, okwesibini, ukuba abaphandi abasebenzisa ubambiswano obuninzi baya kukwazi ukusombulula iingxaki ezazibonakala zingenakwenzeka ngaphambili.

Kwisahluko 6 ("Iimfundiso"), ndiza kuthetha ukuba abaphandi banamandla okwandisa ngokukhawuleza kunabathathi-nxaxheba kwaye ukuba abo banokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunemigangatho yethu, imithetho kunye nemithetho. Olu dibana lwamandla akwandayo kunye nokungabikho kwemvumelwano malunga nokuba loo magunya kufuneka kusetyenziswe njani abaphengululi abanentsingiselo efanelekileyo kwiimeko ezinzima. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, ndiya kuthetha ukuba abaphengululi kufuneka babe nemigaqo-based based approach. Okokuthi, abaphandi bafanele bavavanye uphando lwabo ngokusebenzisa imithetho ekhoyo-endiza kuyithatha njengoko inikezelweyo-nangemigaqo eqhelekileyo yokuziphatha. Ndiza kuchaza imigaqo emine esekwe kunye nezikhokelo ezimbini zokuziphatha ezinokukunceda izigqibo zabaphandi. Ekugqibeleni, ndiza kuchaza imingeni ethile yokuziphatha endiyilindele ukuba abaphandi bajongane nekamva, kwaye ndiya kunika iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza kwindawo enokuziphatha okungaxhaswanga.

Ekugqibeleni, kwisahluko sesi-7 ("Ixesha elizayo"), ndiya kuhlolisisa iindatshana eziqhutywe kule ncwadi, kwaye zizisebenzise ukucinga ngezinto eziza kubaluleka kwikamva.

Uphando lwezentlalo kwixesha ledijithali luya kudibanisa oko senze esikhathini esidlulileyo kunye neendlela ezahlukileyo zexesha elizayo. Ngaloo ndlela, uphando lwentlalo luya kufakwa ngoononzululwazi zentlalo kunye nolwazi lwenzululwazi. Iqela ngalinye linento yokufaka isandla, kwaye nganye inento yokufunda.