2.3.2.6 litšila

Big mehloling ya data ka laeloa le se nang molemo phepong 'me spam.

Bafuputsi ba bang ba lumela hore boitsebiso mehloling e khōlō, haholo-holo ba tsoang mehloling online, ke hloekileng hobane ba bokelloa ka tsela e iketsang. Ha e le hantle, batho ba ile ba sebetsa le mehloli e khōlō ya data tseba hore ba atisa ho bo silafatsa. Ke hore, khafetsa li ne li kenyeletsa ya data tse sa bonahatsa liketso sebele ho thahasellisang ho hlokomela moholo ho bafuputsi. rasaense ba bangata tsoang sechabeng se a ntse a tloaelane le tshebetso ya ho hloekisa khōlō ya data phuputso e entsoeng tsoang sechabeng, empa hloekisa khōlō mehloling ya data e thata le ho feta ka mabaka a mabeli: 1) ba ne ba sa bōpeloa ke bafuputsi bakeng sa babatlisisi le 2) bafuputsi ka kakaretso na ka tlaase ho moo kutloisiso ea kamoo ba ne ba bōptjoa.

Likotsi tsa data ya ditshila dijethale moneketsela ba bontšoa ke Back le basebetsi-'moho ' (2010) thuto ea karabo eo maikutlong ho litlhaselo tsa la 11 September, 2001. Bafuputsi tloaelo ithuta karabelo ea litlokotsi sebelisa ya data bokella retrospective holim' likhoeli kapa esita le lilemo. Empa, Back le basebetsi-'moho fumana melaetsa kamehla-on mohloli oa bonoa moroeroe-digital timestamped, ka tsela e iketsang e tlalehiloeng ho tloha 85.000 American pagers-'me sena nolofalletsa bafuputsi ho ithuta maikutlo a leqepheng la lintho tse ngata tseo molemo timescale. Back le basebetsi-'moho ba bōptjoa motsotso ka motsotso maikutlong lobaka lo longwe oa September bo11 ke Coding diteng tsa yone maikutlong melaetsa go pager ke peresente ya mantsoe a amanang le (1) ho hlonama (mohlala, ho lla, ho sareloa), (2) ho tšoenyeha (mohlala, khathatseha, e tšabehang), 'me (3) bohale (mohlala, lehloeo, tse mahlonoko tseo). Ba ile ba fumana hore mesarelo le matšoenyeho fluctuated ho pholletsa le letsatsi le ka ntle ho mohlala matla, empa e le hore ho ne ho le keketseho otlang ka bohale ho pholletsa le letsatsi. ho etsa lipatlisiso ho bonahale eka ho ba boletsoeng papisong e babatsehang ea matla a kamehla-on mehloling ya data: sebedisa mekgwa maemo a e ne e tla khoneha ho ba le tse phahameng hakaalo-qeto lobaka lo longwe tsa karabelo hang-hang ka ketsahalo e sa lebelloang.

Ngoe feela selemo hamorao, leha ho le joalo, Cynthia Pury (2011) sheba boitsebiso ka hloko ho feta. O ile a fumana hore palo e khōlō ea melaetsa lumeloang hore halefileng ba ne ba generated ka go pager ea se nang molekane 'me kaofela ba ne ba le tsoanang. Mona 's seo batho ba melaetsa lumeloang hore halefileng re:

"Logon NT mochine [lebitso] a raka [lebitso] boemong [sebaka]: mahlonoko tseo ho leng: [letsatsi le nako]"

melaetsa tsena li ne li ngotsweng halefile hobane ba akarelletsa lentsoe "mahlonoko ', e leng ka' na ka kakaretso li bontša bohale empa ha tabeng ena. Ho tlosa melaetsa ea generated ka go pager ena eo e leng lesoha itirisang tsa ho feletseng felisa ba ntse ba eketseha kamoo ho bonahalang kateng ba halefisoa ke tsela ea tsa letsatsi (ho Figure 2.2). Ka mantsoe a mang, phello ka sehloohong a Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) e ne e le artefakt ea go pager le' ngoe. Ka mohlala sena se bontša, batlang e le bonolo tshekatsheko ya tshedimosetso e batlang e rarahane 'me a le bohlasoa na le monyetla oa hore a ee ho teba se fosahetseng.

Leka 2.2: mekhoa e lekantsoeng ka bohale ka lebaka la ho hlakile hore oa September 11, 2001 thehiloeng pagers 85,000 American (Back, Küfner, and Egloff 2010; Pury 2011; Back, Küfner, and Egloff 2011) . Qalong, Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) e ile ea tlaleha mohlala oa eketseha bohale ho pholletsa le letsatsi. Leha ho le joalo, boholo ba melaetsa ena ho bonahalang eka halefileng ba ne ba generated ke go pager ba masoha hore ka makhetlo-khetlo o ile a romela molaetsa wa hao ka tse latelang: "logon NT mochine [lebitso] a raka [lebitso] boemong [sebaka]: mahlonoko tseo ho leng: [letsatsi le nako]". Le molaetsa ona tlosoa, ba ntse ba eketseha ho bonahalang eka bohaleng disappears (Pury 2011; Back, Küfner, and Egloff 2011) . Mokhabo-Ena ke tlhahisong ya feiga 1b a Pury (2011) .

Ha a ntse a ya data ditshila e bōpileng ka morero-tse kang ho e mong lerata go pager-ho ka lemoha ka ho mofuputsi e mong o ho utloahalang hlokolosi, ho boetse ho na ba bang ba litsamaiso Inthaneteng tse hohelang spammers boomo. spammers tsena ka mafolofolo hlahisa ya data fake, 'me-hangata susumetsoa ke etseng phaello-e leng mosebetsi o boima haholo ho boloka spamming bona patehileng. Ka mohlala, mosebetsi oa theha mokhatlo oa lipolotiki on Twitter bonahala ho kenyeletsa bonyane ba bang spam ho utloahalang e tsoetseng pele, oo ka oona lilemong tse ka bang lisosa tsa lipolotiki heso ba ka boomo entsoeng ho sheba e ratoang ho li feta sebele ke (Ratkiewicz et al. 2011) . Bafuputsi sebetsa le ya data tse ka fupere boomo spam tobana le phephetso ea ho kholisang bamameli ba bona hore ba lemoha le tlosoa spam tshwanetseng.

Qetellong, se nkoang ya data ditshila ka itšetleha ka litsela tse poteletseng mabapi le lipotso tsa hao lipatlisiso. Ka mohlala, liphetoho tse ngata hore Wikipedia bōpiloe ke Bots itirisang tsa (Geiger 2014) . Haeba u thahasella ho ea ekolotsi ea Wikipedia, joale Bots tsena ke tsa bohlokoa. Empa, haeba u ba thahasella kamoo batho tlatsetsa Wikipedia, litokiso tsee entsoeng ka Bots tsena lokela ho qheleloa ka thōko.

Litsela molemohali ea ho qoba ho thetseha ke ya data ditshila ke ho utloisisa kamoo dintlha tsa hao tsa bōptjoa ho phetha tlhotlhomisa Analysis bonolo, tse kang ho etsa hasanya merero e mebe e bonolo.