5.2.2 Bongata-tsoaneng e ea manifestos theha mokhatlo oa lipolotiki
Coding manifestos lipolotiki, ntho e 'ngoe ka tloaelo ho etsoa ke litsebi, ba ka etsoang ke le motho ea balelela projeke fella ka reproducibility khōlō le fetoha le maemo.
E tšoanang le Galaxy Zoo, ho na le maemo a mangata a moo bafuputsi tsoang sechabeng batla ho code, bee sehlopheng, kapa nka setšoantšo palo kapa thupa ea temana. Ka mohlala oa mofuta ona ho etsa lipatlisiso ke sa tsoaneng e ea manifestos lipolotiki. Nakong ea likhetho, mekga e theha mokhatlo oa lipolotiki hlahisa manifestos hlalosa maemong a bona a leano le tlhopho ea tataisang lifilosofi. Ka mohlala, mona 's sekotwana sa manifesto ea Basebetsi Party a Great Britain tsoang 2010:
"Batho ba limilione ba sebetsa ka ditshebeletso ea rōna ea phatlalatsa kenyelletse lintho melemo molemo ka ho fetisisa Brithani, ho thusa matlafatsa batho hore ba etse ka ho fetisisa oa bophelo ba bona ha a ntse a sireletsa ho tloha likotsi tse ba lokelang ho se na hore se jare ba le bang. Feela joalokaha ho hlokahala hore re sebete haholoanyane ka karolo ea 'muso ho etsa limmaraka sebetsa ka toka, re boetse re lokela ho ba sebete-raliphetoho ba mmuso. "
manifestos tsena li na ya data bohlokoa bakeng sa bo-rasaense ba lipolotiki, ho khetheha bao likhethong ithuta le dipharologano di pheha khang leano. E le hore a hlophisehileng ntšang boitsebiso bo tsoang manifestos tsena, bafuputsi ba bōptjoa The Project Manifesto , e leng hlophisa bo-rasaense ba lipolotiki ho Code 4.000 manifestos tsoang hoo e ka bang 1,000 mekga e linaheng tse 50. E mong le e ahloletsoe e mong le e manifesto 'nile coded ke setsebi sebelisa 56 sehlopha sekemeng. Phello ea ho bapala ka matla sena tirisanommogo ke sete ea datha setonanahali akaretsa boitsebiso bo aa ageletsweng a manifestos tsena, 'me sete ea datha ena e' nile ea sebelisoa ka makhetlo a fetang 200 lipampiri tse saense.
Kenneth Benoit le basebetsi-'moho (2015) etsa qeto ea ho nka manifesto Coding tshebetso eo pele ba neng ba 'nile ba etsoa ke litsebi tsa le ho retelehela hore e be palelelo projeke batho. Ka lebaka leo, ba ile ba bōptjoa e sa tsoaneng e tsamaiso ee e eketsehileng reproducible le ho feta tenyetsehang, se ke a letho theko e tlaase le ka lebelo.
Ho sebetsa le manifestos 18 generated nakong likhethong tse tšeletseng tsa morao tjena UK, Benoit le basebetsi-'moho ba ne ba sebelisa petsoha-amang-kopana leqheka leo le basebetsi tsoang le 'marakeng ba pelehi dikokwanyana mosebetsi o (Amazon Mechanical Turk le CrowdFlower ke mehlala ea limmaraka tsa mosebetsi o boima dikokwanyana mosebetsi o; etsoe ho eketsehileng mabapi le limmaraka tsa mosebetsi o boima dikokwanyana mosebetsi ona, sheba Khaolo ea 4). Bafuputsi ba nka e mong le e manifesto le arola hore e be tsa mantswe. Ka mor'a moo, tekanyetso botho ile sebelisoa ho dipolelo tse latelang. Ka ho khetheha, haeba kahlolo amehang setatemente pholisi, e ne e coded hammoho litekanyo tse peli: a moruo (ho tloha haholo letšehali ho ea ho le letona haholo) letsoho boiketlong ba sechaba (ho tloha seatla se bulehileng ho khomaretse mekhoa e tloaetsoeng) (Figure 5.5 ke). Dipolelo tse latelang ile coded ke batho ba fapaneng mabapi 5. Qetellong, dikatlholo tsena li ne li kopanngoa sebelisa dipalopalo ea mohlala eo e ileng ea ka bobeli liphello motho ka mong rater le bothata jwa liphello kateng polelong. Ka kakaretso, Benoit le basebetsi-'moho bokella dikatlholo 200.000 ho tloha somi ka 1.500.
Figure 5.5 ke: Coding leqheka lena ho tloha Benoit et al. (2015) (sa feiga 1).
E le hore a hlahloba boleng ba bongata bo sa tsoaneng e, Benoit le basebetsi-'moho le bona ba ile ba ka bang 10 litsebi-liprofesa le liithuti graduate a lipolotiki Science-sekgahla sa manifestos tšoanang sebelisa tsamaiso e tšoanang. Le hoja dikatlholo ho tloha litho tsa bongata ne polygonal ho feta dikatlholo ho tloha litsebi li, ba lumellana bongata bo tekanyetso ne tumellano e tsotehang le ba lumellana setsebi tekanyetso (Figure 5.6 ho). papiso ena e bontša hore, joaloka Galaxy Zoo, botho diporojeke balelela ka hlahisa litholoana boleng bo phahameng.
Figure 5.6 ho: Setsebi likhakanyo (x-kgosomanyomela) le likhakanyo tsa bongata bo (Y-kgosomanyomela) ba ne ba le tumellano tsoteha ha Coding 18 manifestos mokha ho tloha Great Britain (Benoit et al. 2015) . The manifestos coded ba ne ba tsoa mekga e tharo tsa lipolotiki heso (khomarelang mekhoa e tloaetsoeng Mesebetsi, Liberal Mademokrate) le likhethong tse tšeletseng (1987, 1992, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2010).
Ho haha pele ho lebaka lena, Benoit le basebetsi-'moho sebelisoa bongata bo-Coding tsamaiso ea bona ea ho etsa lipatlisiso eo e ne e ke ke ha khoneha le Manifesto Project. Ka mohlala, Manifesto Project ha aa Code ea manifestos ka taba ea bojaki hobane e ne e se sehlooho salient ha leqheka lena tsoaneng e ne e ntshetswa pele ka bohareng ba bo-bo 1980. 'Me, nakong ena, ho ke ke logistically infeasible bakeng sa Manifesto Project ho khutlela le botjha khoutu manifestos bona hapa tlhahisoleseding ena. Ka lebaka leo, ho ne ho tla bonahala eka bafuputsi thahasella ho ithuta lipolotiking tsa bojaki li tsoa lehlohonolo. Leha ho le joalo, Benoit le basebetsi-'moho ba ile ba khona ho sebelisa tsamaiso ea bona balelela botho ho etsa sena sa tsoaneng e-customized ho etsa lipatlisiso potso ea bona-kapele le ha bonolo.
E le hore ho ithuta leano la tsa bojaki, ba coded ea manifestos bakeng mekga e robeli sa 2010 dikgetho tse Great Britain. E mong le e ahloletsoe e mong le e manifesto ile coded ebang e amanang le bojaki, me haeba ho joalo, ebang ke ho ne ho lan-bojaki, tsa ho se nke lehlakore, kapa-ba khahlanong le bojaki. Ka mor'a lihora tse 5 of ho tsoibiloang projeke bona, liphello e bile tse ka. Ba ne ba bokella likarabo tse fetang 22.000 ka tsenyehelo kakaretso ea $ 360. Ho feta moo, likhakanyo tsa bongata bontša tumellano e tsotehang le e phuputso e entsoeng pele ho moo sa litsebi. Ka nako eo, e le teko ea ho qetela, ka likhoeli tse peli hamorao, bafuputsi ikatisa bona bongata bo-tsoaneng e. Ka mor'a lihora tse seng kae, ba ne ba bōpiloe e ntjha bongata bo-coded sete ea datha haufi-ufi matched mantlha bongata bo-coded ya data sete ea bona. Ka mantsoe a mang, balelela botho nolofalletsa ho hlahisa tsoaneng e ea hore na litemana lipolotiki e lumellana le setsebi patlotlhotlhwa 'me o ne reproducible. Ho ekelletsa moo, kahobane balelela botho e ne e potlakela 'me theko e tlaase, ho ne ho bonolo hore ba Customize pokello bona ya data ho etsa lipatlisiso potso ea bona hlakile mabapi bojaki.
