2.3.1.2 Nguva-mberi
Nguva dzose-pasi mashoko makuru inoita kudzidza nezviitiko uye zvatakaitirwa nguva chipimo.
Vazhinji guru date hurongwa nguva-mberi; vari kuramba achiunganidza mashoko. Izvi nguva dzose-pasi hunhu inopa vatsvakurudzi vane longitudinal Data (kureva, mashoko pamusoro nguva). Sezvo nguva dzose-mberi ane mbiri cho- zvinokosha pakutsvakurudza.
Chokutanga, nguva dzose-pamusoro date muunganidzwa inoita vatsvakurudzi kudzidza nezviitiko munzira dzakanga zvisingaiti kare. Somuenzaniso, vaongorori kudzidza Occupy Gezi okutsutsumwa muTurkey muna muzhizha 2013 zvaizoita anonyanya kufunga pamusoro maitiro zvevanhu zvairatidzira panguva chiitiko. Ceren Budak uye Duncan Watts (2015) vakakwanisa kuita zvakawanda nokushandisa nguva dzose-pasi pemhando Twitter kudzidza Twitter-kushandisa vairatidzira kare, panguva, uye pashure chacho. Uye, vakakwanisa kusika munhu kuenzanisa boka vasiri vatori (kana vatori vechikamu vasina tweet pamusoro kutsutsumwa) pamberi, panguva, uye mushure chiitiko (Figure 2.1). In zvachose kwavo Aimbova romukova emadziro raisanganisira Tweets vanhu 30.000 makore anopfuura maviri. By zvaifanira kuwedzerwa rinowanzogamuchirwa kushandiswa mashoko kubva okutsutsumwa nevamwe mashoko aya, Budak uye Watts vakakwanisa kudzidza zvakawanda: vakakwanisa kufungidzira erudzii vanhu vakanga vangangotaura ndiitewo Gezi okutsutsumwa uye kufungidzira kuchinja mafungiro vechikamu uye vasiri vechikamu vaviri vari pfupi-rokuti (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi panguva Gezi) uye kwenguva refu (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi kuposita-Gezi).
Figure 2.1: Design rakashandiswa Budak and Watts (2015) kudzidza Occupy Gezi okutsutsumwa muTurkey muna muzhizha 2013. Nokushandisa nguva dzose-pasi hunhu Twitter, vaongorori akasika zvavakanga inonzi Aimbova romukova paneeli aisanganisira vanenge 30.000 vanhu makore maviri. Kusiyana hwokufananidzira pakudzidza yaitaura vatori panguva Kuratidzira, aimbova romukova paneeli anowedzera 1) mashoko kubva vechikamu vasati uye pashure chacho uye 2) mashoko pamberi nevasiri vechikamu munguva, uye pashure chacho. Izvi zvakapfumisa date mamiriro akwanise Budak uye Watts kufungidzira erudzii vanhu vakanga vangangotaura ndiitewo Gezi okutsutsumwa uye kufungidzira kuchinja mafungiro vechikamu uye vasiri vechikamu vaviri vari pfupi-rokuti (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi panguva Gezi) uye kwenguva refu (kuenzanisa pre-Gezi kuposita-Gezi).
Ichokwadi kuti vamwe vanofungidzira izvi angadai pasina akaita nguva dzose-pasi date muunganidzwa manyuko (semuenzaniso, refu inofungidzirwa mafungiro change), kunyange zvazvo mashoko akadaro kuunganidzira vanhu 30.000 angadai zvinodhura chaizvo. Uye, kunyange kupiwa risina parinogumira bhajeti, handigoni kufunga mamwe nzira kuti vanotova anobvumira vatsvakurudzi kuenda shure munguva uye zvakananga kuchengeta vechikamu maitiro kare. The dzepedyo zvingaitwa kwaizova kuunganidza retrospective Mishumo maitiro, asi izvi mishumo vaizova yakaganhurirwa granularity uye mibvunzo kururama. Table 2.1 rinopa mamwe mienzaniso zvidzidzo kuti kushandisa nguva dzose-pasi date panobva kudzidza chiitiko chisingatarisirwi.
| zvisingatarisirwi chiitiko | Nguva dzose-pamusoro date mabviro | Citation |
|---|---|---|
| Occupy Gezi mufambo muTurkey | Budak and Watts (2015) | |
| Amburera okutsutsumwa muHong Kong | Zhang (2016) | |
| Kungopfura nemapurisa muNew York City | Regai-uye-frisk mishumo | Legewie (2016) |
| Munhu kubatana Isis | Magdy, Darwish, and Weber (2016) | |
| September 11, 2001 kurwisa | livejournal.com | Cohn, Mehl, and Pennebaker (2004) |
| September 11, 2001 kurwisa | pager mashoko | Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) , Pury (2011) , Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2011) |
Chechipiri, nguva dzose-pamusoro date muunganidzwa inoita vatsvakurudzi kubudisa-zvechokwadi nguva kuyerwa, izvo zvinogona kukosha muzviruva uko vagadziri inozowana vanoda kwete kudzidza kubva huripo maitiro asiwo vanoteerera. Somuenzaniso, magariro vezvenhau Data zvinogona kushandiswa kutungamirira mhinduro dzinongoitika (Castillo 2016) .
Mukugumisa, nguva dzose-pamusoro Data hurongwa vakwanise vatsvakurudzi kudzidza nezviitiko uye zvinopa-chaizvoizvo nguva mashoko vagadziri itsika. Ini handina Zvisinei, zvamaronga kuti nguva dzose-pamusoro Data hurongwa vakwanise vatsvakurudzi kuti chamber kuchinja pamusoro nguva yakareba. Izvi imhaka yokuti vazhinji guru mashoko hurongwa vari dzichichinja-muinonzi vasakukurwa (Section 2.3.2.4).
