6.4 Four zvinotaurwa

Mazano mana anogona kutungamirira vatsvakurudzi kutarisana chemufungo kusava nechokwadi ndiwo: Kuremekedza Persons, Beneficence, Justice, uye Kuremekedza Mutemo uye Public Interest.

Penyaya nematambudziko kuti vatsvakurudzi nazvo digitaalinen zera vari siyanei kupfuura avo kare. Zvisinei, vanotsvakurudza anogona kugadzirisa matambudziko aya nokuvaka pamusoro yapfuura mafungiro yetsika. Kunyanya, ndinotenda kuti nhungamiro chinoratidzwa miviri inoti-The Belmont Report (Belmont Report 1979) uye The Menlo Report (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) -can rubatsiro vatsvakurudzi chikonzero pamusoro penyaya matambudziko avanosangana. Sezvo ini hunonyatsodonongodza yakawanda Historical Okuwedzera, zvose izvi Mishumo vaiva migumisiro-gore Multi kunzvera kubudikidza ukomba nyanzvi mikana yakawanda mazano kubva siyana vane chekuita.

Chokutanga, muna 1974, muna pakupindura chemufungo aanosangana kubudikidza nevatsvakurudzi, dzakadai chazezesa Tuskegee njovhera Study (ona Historical Okuwedzera), US Congress akasika National basa kunyora chemufungo nhungamiro yokutsvakurudza zvinobatanidza vanhu vanotongwa. Pashure pemakore mana kumusangano Belmont Conference Center, boka yabudisa Belmont Report, murume mutete asi simba gwaro. The Belmont Report ndiyo hwaro zvedzidzo nokuda Common Rule, yakatarwa yemirau vedare hwevanhu vanotongwa tsvakurudzo kuti masangano Review Boards (IRBs) vari tasked pamwe yatevedzerwa (Porter and Koski 2008) .

Zvadaro, muna 2010, muna akapindura penyaya nokukundikana kombiyuta kuchengeteka vatsvakurudzi uye kuoma kushandisa pfungwa iri Belmont Report kuti digitaalinen zera tsvakurudzo, US Government-zvakananga weDhipatimendi Kumusha Security-akasikwa mutema-Ribbon basa kunyora chinotungamirira framework yetsika pakutsvakurudza chokuita ruzivo uye yekufambisa (ICT). Zvakabuda ichi nesimba aiva Menlo Report (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) .

Vakaunganidza Belmont Report uye Menlo Report kupa mazano mana anogona kutungamirira chemufungo kunzvera kubudikidza nevatsvakurudzi: Kuremekedza Persons, Beneficence, Justice, uye Kuremekedza Mutemo uye Public Interest. Kushandisa mazano aya mana uchidzidzira hakusi nguva dzose zvakarurama, uye rinogona zvinoda BALANCInG zvakaoma. Zvisinei, The misimboti, kunyatsoburitsa kutengeserana-offs, pfungwa kuchinja kutsvakurudza mazano, uye vakwanise vatsvakurudzi kutsanangurira kufunga kwavo kune mumwe nomumwe uye voruzhinji.