2.4.1.1 Matakisi ku New York City

Katswiri wina ntchito deta ikuluikulu mamita galimoto kuphunzira kupanga zisankho za oyendetsa galimoto ku New York. Deta izi loyenereradi kafukufuku.

Chitsanzo cha mphamvu yosavuta kuwerenga chinthu pomwe amachokera Henry Farber a (2015) kuphunzira khalidwe la New York City oyendetsa galimoto. Ngakhale gulu akhoza sizikumveka analandira chidwi ndi kufufuza njira malo kudziyesa kupikisana mfundo ziwiri zachuma ntchito. Mokhudzana ndi kafukufuku Farber, pali zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zokhudza chilengedwe ntchito madalaivala galimoto: 1) malipiro awo paola fluctuates tsiku ndi tsiku, zochokera ku mbali pa zinthu monga nyengo ndiponso 2) chiwerengero cha maola amagwira ntchito akhoza kwanthawi tsiku lililonse zochokera zosankha moyenera. zinthu zimenezi zimachititsa funso chidwi za ubale malipiro paola ndi hours ntchito. zitsanzo Neoclassical mu zachuma ukuonetsa kuti madalaivala galimoto ntchito kwambiri pa masiku kumene mphoto apamwamba paola. Kapenanso, zitsanzo kuchokera zachuma khalidwe kulosera zosemphana. Ngati madalaivala anapereka ndalama makamaka chandamale-kunena $ 100 tsiku ndi ntchito mpaka chandamale anakumana, ndiye madalaivala adzapsa ntchito maola ochepa pa masiku kuti kupeza ndalama zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati inu munali chandamale earner, inu mukhoza kukathera ntchito maola 4 pa tsiku labwino ($ 25 pa ola limodzi) ndi hours 5 pa tsiku zoipa ($ 20 pa ola limodzi). Choncho, oyendetsa ntchito maola tsiku ndi malipiro apamwamba paola (monga zinanenedweratu ndi zitsanzo neoclassical) kapena maola tsiku ndi malipiro m'munsi paola (monga zinanenedweratu ndi zitsanzo khalidwe zachuma)?

Kuti tiyankhe funso limeneli Farber analandira deta pa ulendo uliwonse galimoto chojambulidwa New York City cabs kuchokera 2009 - 2013, deta kuti tsopano likupezeka poyera . Izi data-amene anasonkhana ndi mamita pakompyuta kuti mzinda amafuna matakisi ntchito-zikuphatikizapo zidutswa zingapo za mfundo iliyonse ulendo: kuyamba nthawi, kuyamba malo, nthawi yotsiriza, mapeto location, yolipirira, ndipo nsonga (ngati nsonga linaperekedwa ndi kiredi). Okwana deta Farber ndi mfundo pa pafupifupi mamiliyoni 900 maulendo pa pafupifupi 40 miliyoni mosinthana (anasintha ndi ziri ntchito tsiku limodzi dalaivala wina). Ndipotu, panali deta pikulu Farber yekha ntchito chitsanzo mwachisawawa kwa kuwunika kwake. Kugwiritsa ntchito mita galimoto deta, Farber anapeza kuti madalaivala kwambiri ntchito kwambiri masiku amalipira, mogwirizana ndi maganizo neoclassical. Kuwonjezera zimenezi waukulu, Farber anatha popezera mpata kukula kwa deta kwa kumvetsa bwino heterogeneity ndi mphamvu. Farber anapeza kuti nthawi madalaivala atsopano pang'onopang'ono kuphunzira kugwira ntchito maola masiku mkulu malipiro (mwachitsanzo, amaphunzira zinthu monga zitsanzo neoclassical limaneneratu). Ndipo madalaivala watsopano amene amachita zinthu ngati earners chandamale m'posavuta kusiya kukhala woyendetsa galimoto. Onse awa anapezazo zobisika kwambiri, zomwe kufotokoza khalidwe anati madalaivala panopa, anali zatheka chifukwa cha kukula kwa gulu lazidziwitso. Iwo sizikanatheka kukanakhala kuti azindikire mu maphunziro kale kuti ntchito mapepala pepala ulendo ochepa oyendetsa galimoto pa nthawi yochepa (mwachitsanzo, Camerer et al. (1997) ).

phunziro Farber anali pafupi kwambiri operekera kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito deta lalikulu. Choyamba, deta sanali sanali woimira chifukwa mzinda chofunika oyendetsa ntchito mamita digito. Ndipo deta sanali chosakwanira chifukwa deta kuti anali zinapezedwa mzindawo unali wokongola pafupi deta kuti Farber ndikanaitenga limodzi ngati iye anali kusankha (kusiyana ndi chakuti Farber adzakhala ndi deta ankafuna pa okwana malipiro-zimamuyendera kuphatikiza tips- koma deta mzinda m'gulu yekha nsonga lolipiridwa ndi ngongole). Chinsinsi kafukufuku Farber anali kaphatikizidwe funso labwino ndi deta wabwino. Deta yekha kosakwanira.