2.2 deta Big
Deta Big analengedwa ndi zinapezedwa maboma ntchito zina kuposa kafukufuku. Gwiritsani izi kufufuza Choncho, amafuna repurposing.
An view idealized kafukufuku chikhalidwe akuganizira wasayansi kukhala lingaliro kenako deta kuyesa lingaliro limenelo. mudzipatsana kafukufuku kumabweretsa nawo zolimba pakati pa funso kafukufuku ndi deta, koma yochepa chifukwa kufufuza munthu zambiri alibe zofunika kusonkhanitsa deta iwo ayenera, monga deta lalikulu, wolemera, ndi m'dziko lonse-nthumwi. Choncho, ambiri kufufuza chikhalidwe kale wagwiritsa ntchito zikuluzikulu Kafukufuku chikhalidwe, monga General Social Survey (GSS), ndi American Phunziro zisankho National (ANES), ndi gulu Phunziro la Mphamvu Ndalama (PSID). Izi kafukufuku zikuluzikulu zambiri kuthamanga ndi gulu la ofufuza ndipo cholinga kulenga deta zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi akatswiri ambiri. Chifukwa cha zolinga za izi Kafukufuku zikuluzikulu, osamala m'matumba angagwiritse zosonkhanitsira deta ndi kukonza deta chifukwa ntchito ndi akatswiri. deta awa ndi akatswiri ndi akatswiri.
Kwambiri kufufuza chikhalidwe ntchito magwero digito m'badwo Komabe, mwapadera. Mmalo mogwiritsa ntchito deta ndi akatswiri ndi akatswiri, limagwiritsa ntchito deta magwero kuti zinalengedwa ndi zinapezedwa Makampani ndi maboma zolinga zawo monga kupanga phindu, kupereka ntchito, kapena kugwiritsira ntchito lamulo. Ntchito ndi boma izi magwero deta abwera kutchedwa deta lalikulu. Kufufuza ndi deta lalikulu ndiyosiyana ndi kufufuza deta kuti poyamba analengedwa kafukufuku. Yerekezerani Mwachitsanzo, ndi chikhalidwe TV webusaiti, monga Twitter, ndi mwambo kafukufuku maganizo a anthu monga General Social Survey (GSS). Twitter ndi zolinga zazikulu ndi kupereka utumiki kuti owerenga ake ndi kupanga phindu. M'kati zolinga zimenezi, Twitter amalenga deta kuti akhoza kukhala zothandiza pophunzira zinthu zina za maganizo a anthu. Koma, mosiyana ndi General Social Survey (GSS), Twitter sikungonena kwambiri pa kafukufuku chikhalidwe.
The akuti deta lalikulu ndi frustratingly yosokoneza, ndipo magulu limodzi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mokhudzana ndi kufufuza chikhalidwe, ine ndikuganiza izo ziri zothandiza kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri ya magwero aakulu deta. Mbiri boma kayendetsedwe ndi malonda mbiri utsogoleri Government mbiri utsogoleri ndi deta kuti analengedwa ndi maboma monga mbali ya ntchito zawo chizolowezi. Izi mitundu ya mbiri akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri akale monga demographers kuphunzira kubadwa, ukwati, ndi imfa mbiri koma maboma ambiri kusonkhanitsa ndi kumasuka mbiri mwatsatanetsatane m'njira analyzable. Mwachitsanzo, boma la New York City anaika mamita digito mkati mwa aliyense galimoto mu mzinda. meters izi kulemba mitundu yonse ya deta za aliyense kukwera galimoto kuphatikizapo dalaivala, nthawi chiyambi ndi malo siteji nthawi ndi malo, ndi zoyendera. Kuphunzira kuti ine ndikuuzani kenako mu chaputala ichi, Henry Farber (2015) repurposed deta izi kuthetsa kusiyana maganizo lofunika kwambiri zachuma ntchito za ubale malipiro paola ndi kuchuluka kwa maola ntchito.
Wachiwiri mtundu waukulu deta lalikulu kafukufuku chikhalidwe ndi ntchito zaboma mbiri. Izi ndi deta kuti ntchito kulenga ndi kusonkhanitsa monga mbali ya ntchito zawo chizolowezi. Ntchito zochitika utsogoleri nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kuda digito, ndi zinthu monga kufufuza injini zipika afunsa, posts chikhalidwe TV, ndi kuitana mbiri kuchokera mafoni. Otsutsa, izi mbiri ntchito zaboma si khalidwe Intaneti. Mwachitsanzo, m'masitolo kuti ntchito fufuzani kunja Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo ndi kulenga miyeso zenizeni nthawi ya ntchito molimbika. Kuphunzira kuti ine ndikuuzani inu za kenako mu chaputala ichi, Alexandre Mas ndi Enrico Moretti (2009) repurposed izi golosale fufuzani kunja deta kuphunzira mmene zokolola ndi ogwira ntchito ndi mwapeza ndi zokolola za anzawo.
Monga mwa zitsanzo zimenezi zikusonyeza akuti repurposing Chofunikira kwambiri kuphunzira kwa deta lalikulu. Mu zimene ndinaona, asayansi chikhalidwe ndi deta asayansi kuyandikira kwa izi repurposing mosiyana. Asayansi Social, amene anazolowera kugwira ntchito deta ndi cholinga kufufuza, sachedwa lozani mavuto deta repurposed pamene kunyalanyaza mphamvu zake. Komano, deta asayansi sachedwa kuona ubwino wa deta repurposed pamene kunyalanyaza zofooka zake. Mwachibadwa, njira yabwino adzakhala wosakanizidwa. Ndiko kuti, ofufuza ayenera kuzindikira makhalidwe a zinthu zimenezi latsopano data-zabwino ndi zoyipa, ndipo muganize momwe phunziro. Ndipo kuti ndi chikonzero cha yotsala ya mutu uwu. Kenako, ine pofotokoza makhalidwe khumi wamba malonda ndi boma deta utsogoleri. Kenako, ine pofotokoza njira kafukufuku atatu amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito deta izi, njira kuti bwino wosakanikirana ndi makhalidwe deta izi.
