2.3.1.2 Nthawizonse pa
Nthawi zonse, pa kafukufuku lalikulu limathandiza kuphunzira zinthu zosayembekezereka ndi zenizeni nthawi kayesedwe.
Ambiri kachitidwe waukulu deta nthawi zonse pa; iwo nthawi zonse deta. Izi khalidwe zonse pa amapereka akatswiri deta kotenga (ie, deta nthawi). Popeza kuti pa akukhudza ziwiri zofunika kafukufuku.
Choyamba, nthawizonse pa zosonkhanitsira deta chimathandiza ofufuza kuphunzira zinthu zosayembekezereka ziti zomwe zinali sizingatheke kale. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza chidwi kuphunzira Alanda zionetsero Gezi ku Turkey m'chilimwe cha 2013 kodi ambiri kuganizira makhalidwe a zionetsero pa mwambowu. Ceren Budak ndi Duncan Watts (2015) anali wokhoza kuchita zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe nthawi zonse kwa Twitter kuphunzira Twitter-ntchito zionetsero isanayambe, ndipo zitachitika. Ndipo anatha kulenga fanizo gulu la anthu omwe sanali ophunzira (kapena ophunzira amene sanali Tweet za zionetsero) isanayambe, ndipo zitachitika (Chithunzi 2.1). Okwana wakale malo awo gulu zinaphatikizapo Tweets anthu 30,000 pa zaka ziwiri. Ndi kuchulukitsa deta amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku zionetsero ndi nkhani ina iyi, Budak ndi Watts anatha kuphunzira zambiri: adakhoza amanena zotani anthu ambiri amakhala nawo zionetsero Gezi ndi chaka asintha maganizo ophunzira ndipo sanali ophunzira, onse mu nthawi yochepa (Poyerekeza chisanadze Gezi kuti pa Gezi) ndi yaitali (Poyerekeza chisanadze Gezi kuti aika-Gezi).
Chithunzi 2.1: Design ntchito Budak and Watts (2015) kuphunzira Alanda zionetsero Gezi ku Turkey m'chilimwe cha 2013. Pogwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe nthawi zonse kwa Twitter ofufuza analenga zimene kutchedwa wakale malo oimika kuti okhudza anthu 30,000 pa zaka ziwiri. Mosiyana ndi kuphunzira mmene lolunjika pa ophunzira pa zionetsero, ndi wakale malo oimika anawonjezera 1) kafukufuku ophunzira pamaso ndi zitachitika ndi 2) kafukufuku sanali ophunzira isanayambe, ndipo zitachitika. Izi deta Unakhala dongosolo chinathandiza Budak ndi Watts chaka zotani anthu ambiri amakhala nawo zionetsero Gezi ndi chaka kusintha maganizo a ophunzira ndipo sanali ophunzira, onse mu nthawi yochepa (Poyerekeza chisanadze Gezi kwa nthawi Gezi) ndi yaitali (Poyerekeza chisanadze Gezi kuti aika-Gezi).
Ndi zoona kuti ena mwa ziwerengero zimenezi zikanatheka popanda nthawi zonse pa magwero zosonkhanitsira deta (mwachitsanzo, ziwerengero yaitali kusintha maganizo), ngakhale zosonkhanitsira deta kwa anthu 30,000 akanakhala mtengo kwambiri. Ndipo anapatsa bajeti malire, Ine sindingakhoze kuganiza za njira ina iliyonse imene imapanga amalola ofufuza kuyenda m'mbuyo mwachindunji kusunga ophunzira makhalidwe akale. Pafupi njira adzakhala kusonkhanitsa malipoti retrospective khalidwe, koma nkhani zimenezi zingakhale granularity malire ndi zokayikitsa molondola. Table 2.1 limapereka zitsanzo zina za maphunziro kuti ntchito nthawi zonse zochokera deta kuphunzira chochitika chosayembekezeka.
| chochitika chosayembekezeka | Nthawizonse pa deta gwero | tikalemba |
|---|---|---|
| Alanda Gezi kayendedwe ku Turkey | Budak and Watts (2015) | |
| zionetsero ambulera ku Hong Kong | Zhang (2016) | |
| Kuwomberana ndi mfuti wa apolisi ku New York City | Lekani ndi frisk malipoti | Legewie (2016) |
| Munthu kujowina Isisi | Magdy, Darwish, and Weber (2016) | |
| September 11, 2001 kuukira | livejournal.com | Cohn, Mehl, and Pennebaker (2004) |
| September 11, 2001 kuukira | mauthenga Pager | Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) , Pury (2011) , Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2011) |
Chachiwiri, nthawi zonse pa zosonkhanitsira deta chimathandiza ofufuza kubala miyezo zenizeni nthawi, zimenezi n'kofunika zoikamo pamene amakhazikitsa malamulo sindikufuna basi chiyani pa khalidwe alipo komanso amaulandira. Mwachitsanzo, zopezeka chikhalidwe TV angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsogolera mayankho masoka achilengedwe (Castillo 2016) .
Pomaliza, nthawi zonse, pa kafukufuku kachitidwe athe ofufuza kuphunzira zinthu zosayembekezereka ndi kupereka zenizeni nthawi zambiri kuti opanga malamulo. Sindinafune Koma akamufunsirire kuti nthawi zonse pa kafukufuku kachitidwe athe ofufuza younikira kusintha kwa nthawi yaitali. Zimenezo nchifukwa chakuti ambiri kachitidwe waukulu deta umasintha nthaŵi zonse kuyenera wotchedwa kulowerera (Ndime 2.3.2.4).
