5.3.2 Foldit
Foldit ndi wokongola lotseguka kuitana chifukwa chimathandiza sanali akatswiri nawo m'njira imene n'kosangalatsa.
The Netflix Prize, pamene evocative ndi bwino, si Mwachitsanzo uthunthu wonse wa ntchito lotseguka kuitana. Mwachitsanzo, mu Netflix Prize ambiri ophunzira kwambiri kwa zaka maphunziro ziwerengero ndi kuphunzira makina. Koma, ntchito lotseguka kuitana ungaphatikizeponso ophunzira amene alibe maphunziro okwanila, monga Chitsanzo pa Foldit, mapuloteni kungomanga masewera.
Mapuloteni Dongosolo ndi ndondomeko yomwe unyolo amino zidulo amatenga pa mawonekedwe ake. Ndi kumvetsa bwino ndondomeko imeneyi, akatswiri analenga mapuloteni ndi akalumikidzidwa enieni amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala. Kusintha pang'ono, mapuloteni amakonda kusamukira kasinthidwe awo chotsikitsitsa mphamvu, ndi kasinthidwe kuti amakhala ndi amakankhira zosiyanasiyana ndipo chimakakamiza mwa mapuloteni (Chithunzi 5.7). Choncho, ngati katswiriyu akufuna kulosera zimene mawonekedwe limene mapuloteni adzakhala pindani, njira zikumveka yosavuta: basi kuyesera masanjidwe n'kotheka, kuwerengera mphamvu zawo, ndi kulosera kuti mapuloteni adzakhala pindani mu kasinthidwe chotsikitsitsa mphamvu. Mwatsoka, mphamvu njira chakuthengo yofunika kuyesera masanjidwe n'kotheka ndi computationally zosatheka chifukwa pali anthu ambirimbiri ndi mabiliyoni masanjidwe angathe. Ngakhale ndi makompyuta amphamvu kwambiri masiku ano ndi mu zoonekeratu kuti zikubwera m'tsogolo chakuthengo mphamvu chabe osati kuntchito. Choncho, akatswiri apanga ma aligorivimu ambiri mochenjera kuti efficiently kufunafuna kasinthidwe chotsikitsitsa mphamvu. Koma, ngakhale ndalama chachikulu cha khama sayansi ndi zowerengera, ma aligorivimu amenewa adakali opanda ungwiro.
Chithunzi 5,7: Mapuloteni lopinda. Image analengedwa ndi kuikidwa mu ankalamulira ndi "DrKjaergaard". Source: Wikimedia Commons .
David Baker ndi gulu kafukufuku pa University of Washington anali mbali ya gulu la asayansi kugwira ntchito kukhazikitsa njira bwino zowerengera kuti kungomanga mapuloteni. Kuti younikira zimene zinali kuchitika pamene ma aligorivimu awo cranking kutali, Baker ndi gulu wake zina penyani TV-zenera kuti visualized patsogolo ma aligorivimu awo. Pamene kuonera zowonetsa izi, Baker anayamba kudzifunsa ngati kungakhale kotheka kwa anthu kuthandiza ndondomeko, ndipo anayamba Foldit, kulenga ndi wokongola lotseguka kuitana (Hand 2010) .
Foldit akutembenukira ndondomeko kungomanga mapuloteni mu masewera zimene idzaseweredwe ndi aliyense. Pa kaonedwe ka player a, Foldit ikuoneka kuti ndi chithunzi (Chithunzi 5.8). Osewera pokambirana ndi tangle atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena za dongosolo mapuloteni ndi angachichite operations- "tweak", "kupotokera", "kumanganso" kutanthauza kusintha mawonekedwe ake. Ndi kuchita ntchito zimenezi osewera kusintha mawonekedwe a mapuloteni, chimene ukuwonjezeka nayenso kapena amachepetsa mphambu awo. Otsutsa, mphambu kuchita masamu zochokera mphamvu mlingo wa kasinthidwe panopa; masanjidwe m'munsi-mphamvu zimabweretsa ambiri apamwamba. M'mawu ena, mphambu zimathandiza kutsogolera osewera monga kufunafuna masanjidwe otsika mphamvu. Masewerawa ndi Zimatheka chifukwa monga ngati akuneneratu filimu mlingo mu Netflix Prize-mapuloteni kungomanga ndi vuto kumene n'kosavuta fufuzani njira kuposa kupanga iwo.
Chithunzi 5,8: Game nsalu yotchinga Foldit.
Foldit a kamangidwe kaso chimathandiza osewera ndi chidziwitso pang'ono ofunda a sayansi kupikisana ndi ma aligorivimu yabwino zinalengedwa ndi akatswiri. Ngakhale osewera ambiri alibe bwino ntchito, pali osewera angapo ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono a osewera amene imachita. Ndipotu, mu mutu ndi mutu mpikisano kulosera kapangidwe ka 10 mapuloteni enieni, Foldit osewera anatha kumenya boma la-ndi-luso mapuloteni kungomanga ma aligorivimu kasanu (Cooper et al. 2010) .
Foldit ndi mphoto Netflix osiyana m'njira zambiri, koma zonse kumafuna mafoni otsegula njira zimene savuta fufuzani kuposa kupanga. Tsopano, tiona kapangidwe yemweyo m'njira inanso osiyana kwambiri kolowera: chilamulo setifiketi. Izi chitsanzo chomaliza cha vuto kuitana lotseguka limasonyeza kuti Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa zoikamo kuti si mwachionekere amenable kuti quantification.
