1.1 An kuipitsa mbiri inki
M'chaka cha 2009, mafoni anali kulira monse kudutsa Rwanda. Komanso anthu mamiliyoni mafoni pakati banja, anzawo ndi nawo ntchito, pafupifupi 1,000 Rwandans telefoni kuchokera Joshua Blumenstock ndi anzake. Akatswiriwo kuphunzira chuma ndi umphawi ndi kafukufuku wa anthu amene mosintha mumtengo ku Nawonso achichepere makasitomala pafupifupi 1.5 miliyoni kuchokera athandizi Rwanda yaikulu foni. Blumenstock ndi anzake anafunsa ophunzira ngati iwo ankafuna kuchita nawo kafukufuku, anafotokoza chikhalidwe cha kafukufuku kwa iwo, ndipo adafunsa mafunso angapo za makhalidwe awo zaziwerengero, zachikhalidwe, ndi zachuma.
Zonse zimene ndinanena mpaka tsopano ndi cizindikiro ici ngati makolo kafukufuku sayansi chikhalidwe. Koma, chimene chichitike si mwambo, makamaka yet. Adali deta kafukufuku kuphunzitsa makina kuphunzira chitsanzo kulosera chuma munthu pazimene kuitana kwawo, ndiyeno iwo ntchito chitsanzo ichi chaka chuma onse makasitomala pafupifupi 1.5 miliyoni. Kenako, akuti malo okhala onse makasitomala pafupifupi 1.5 miliyoni pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo malo osiyanasiyana ophatikizidwa mu kuitana mitengo. Kuika ziwerengero awa awiri-pafupifupi chuma ndi akuti malo okhala-Blumenstock ndi anzake anali kupereka mkulu-kusamvana akuti yogawa malo osiyanasiyana chuma kudutsa Rwanda. Makamaka iwo akanakhoza kupereka chuma pafupifupi aliyense Rwanda a 2.148 maselo, wamng'ono oyendetsera gulu m'dzikolo.
Kunali kosatheka kuti atsimikizire ziwerengero amenewa chifukwa palibenso amene anayamba kutulutsa ziwerengero umenewu mbali yaing'ono Geographic Rwanda. Koma, pamene Blumenstock ndi anzake aggregated anene kuti m'maboma 30 Rwanda, iwo anapeza kuti anene anali ofanana ndi ziwerengero ku zaziwerengero ndi Survey Health, golide muyezo wa kafukufuku m'mayiko osauka. Ngakhale njira awiriwa opangidwa ziwerengero ofanana mu nkhani iyi, njira ya Blumenstock ndi anzake anali pafupifupi 10 nthawi mofulumira ndipo nthawi 50 mtengo kuposa miyambo zaziwerengero ndi Health Kafukufuku. Izi ziwerengero kwambiri mofulumira ndipo m'munsi mtengo kulenga njira zatsopano kwa akatswiri, maboma, ndi makampani (Blumenstock, Cadamuro, and On 2015) .
Kuwonjezera osauka njira yatsopano, kuphunzira ichi ngati ngati Rorschach inkblot mayeso; zimene anthu kuona zimadalira nkhani zawo. Asayansi ambiri chikhalidwe kuona chida latsopano muyeso amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito choyesa mfundo za chitukuko zachuma. Deta ambiri asayansi kuona ozizira latsopano vuto makina learning. Malonda ambiri kuona njira kwambiri kwa kutsegula phindu mu digito kufufuza deta kuti kale anasonkhana. Limalimbikitsa ambiri chinsinsi kuona chikumbutso mantha kuti tikukhala mu nthawi ya misa anaziika. Opanga ambiri policy kuona njira umisiri angathandize kulenga dziko lapansi labwino. Ndipotu, phunziroli ndi zonse izo, ndicho chifukwa chake ndi zenera mu tsogolo la kafukufuku chikhalidwe.
