3.4.1 Mwina zosankhidwazi: zosonkhanitsira deta ndi kuyigwiritsa kusanthula
Zolemera adzathetsa chinyengo mwadala chifukwa cha njira zochepa chabe pamalangizo.
Mwina zitsanzo ndi kumene anthu onse ndi odziwika, si zero Mwina likhale ndi losavuta Mwina zosankhidwazi kapangidwe ndi yosavuta mwachisawawa zosankhidwazi kumene munthu aliyense ali ofanana Mwina likhale. Pamene anafunsidwa amasankhidwa kudzera yosavuta mwachisawawa zosankhidwazi ndi kuphedwa wangwiro (mwachitsanzo, palibe kulakwa Kuphunzira ndipo palibe sanali response), ndiye chiwerengero m'mbali chifukwa chitsanzo adzakhala-pafupifupi-kukhala kakang'ono Baibulo la anthu.
Simple mwachisawawa zosankhidwazi sikawirikawiri ntchito Komabe zochita. M'malo mwake, ofufuza mwadala kusankha anthu ziyerekezo wosiyana likhale dongosolo kuchepetsa ndalama ndi kuonjezera molondola. Pamene ofufuza mwadala kusankha anthu ziyerekezo osiyana likhale, ndiye tifunika kusintha yosintha chinyengo chifukwa ndondomeko zosankhidwazi. M'mawu ena, kodi ife zambiri kuchokera chitsanzo zimadalira m'mene chitsanzo linasankhidwa.
Mwachitsanzo, Population Current Survey (CPS) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi boma US chaka mlingo ulova. Mwezi uliwonse pafupifupi 100,000 anthu anafunsidwa, mwina maso ndi maso patelefoni, ndipo zimenezi zimachititsa kuti apange akuti mlingo ulova. Chifukwa boma akufuna amanena mlingo ulova aliyense boma, silingachite losavuta mwachisawawa chitsanzo cha akulu chifukwa kuti pangakhale anafunsidwa ochepa kwambiri states ndi anthu yaing'ono (mwachitsanzo, Rhode Island) ndi ambiri ku madera ndi anthu akuluakulu (mwachitsanzo , California). M'malo mwake, CPS zitsanzo anthu mu maiko osiyanasiyana pa mitengo yosiyanasiyana, njira yotchedwa stratified zosankhidwazi ndi wosiyana Mwina kusankha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati CPS ankafuna 2,000 anafunsidwa pa dziko, kenako akulu mu Rhode Island akanati za nthawi 30 apamwamba Mwina likhale kuposa achikulire California (Rhode Island: 2,000 anafunsidwa pa akuluakulu 800,000 vs California: 2,000 anafunsidwa pa akuluakulu 30,000,000). Monga tionere kutsogoloku, mtundu uwu zosankhidwazi ndi Mwina wosiyana chimachitika ndi magwero Intaneti deta, koma mosiyana CPS, ndi limagwirira zosankhidwazi nthawi sanadziwe kapena kulamulidwa ndi kafukufuku wa.
Popeza zosankhidwazi yake mamangidwe a CPS sizingafanane ndi nthumwi ya US; amaphatikizapo anthu ambiri ku Rhode Island ndi ochepa kwambiri kuchokera California. Choncho, kungakhale kupanda nzeru amanena mlingo ulova mu dziko ndi mlingo ulova mu chitsanzo. Mmalo mwa zikutanthauza chitsanzo, ndi bwino kutenga zikutanthauza zolemeletsedwa, kumene zolemera za mlandu chakuti anthu Rhode Island anali zambiri m'gulu kuposa anthu California. Mwachitsanzo, munthu aliyense ku California adzakhala upweighted- iwo kuwerenga zambiri za kafukufuku ndi munthu aliyense ku Rhode Island akanati downweighted-iwo kuwerenga wochepa mu kafukufuku wa. Kwenikweni, mwapatsidwa mawu zambiri anthu kuti muli zokayikitsa kuphunzira.
Izi chitsanzo chidole mfundo yofunika koma ambiri molakwikatu: a chitsanzo sayenera kukhala Baibulo kakang'ono a anthu kuti apange ziwerengero wabwino. Ngati mokwanira amadziwika mmene deta anali anasonkhana, ndiye mfundo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito posankha ziwerengero za chitsanzo. njira Ndiri anafotokoza-ndipo zomwe ndinachita mwamasamu mu luso kumapeto-akugwa chala mu chakale Mwina zosankhidwazi chimango. Tsopano, ine ndidzakuwonetsa momwe lingaliro lomwelo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito zitsanzo sanali Mwina.
