4.2 Kodi zatsopano?
Osapanganika zatsopano ndi zinayi zofunika zazikulu: asilikali a ophunzira, randomization mankhwala, yobereka mankhwala, ndi muyeso wa zakambidwa.
Zomwe zimayesedwa pafupipafupi zimakhala ndi zowonjezera zinayi: kuitanitsa ophunzira, kupititsa patsogolo mankhwala, kulandira chithandizo, ndi kuyeza kwa zotsatira. Mibadwo ya digito siisinthe kusintha kwakukulu, koma zimapangitsa kuti zosavuta zikhale zosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, m'mbuyomu, zikhoza kukhala zovuta kuyeza khalidwe la mamiliyoni a anthu, koma izi zikuchitika nthawi zambiri m'magetsi ambiri. Ofufuza omwe angadziwe momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mwayi watsopanoyi akhoza kuyesa mayesero omwe sakanatha kale.
Kuti zonsezi zikhale zogwirizana kwambiri-zomwe zakhala zikufanana ndi zomwe zasintha-tiyeni tikambirane za kuyesera kwa Michael Restivo ndi Arnout van de Rijt (2012) . Ankafuna kumvetsetsa zotsatira za mphotho zosagwirizana za anzanu pa zopereka zapadera ku Wikipedia. Makamaka, iwo adaphunzira zotsatira za mabarnstars , mphoto imene aliyense wa Wikipedian angapereke kwa wina aliyense wa Wikipedia kuti avomereze kugwira ntchito mwakhama komanso mwakhama. Restivo ndi van de Rijt anapereka mabarnstars kwa 100 oyenerera a Wikipedians. Kenaka, adayang'ana zoperekedwa kwa Wikipedia pamasiku 90 otsatira. Koma anadabwa kumva zawo, anthu amene kupereka barnstars ankangokhalira kuti kusintha ochepa atalandira wina. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mabarnstars amawoneka kuti akukhumudwitsa osati kulimbikitsa zopereka.
Mwamwayi, Restivo ndi van de Rijt sanali kuyesa "kuyesa ndi kuyang'ana" kuyesa; iwo anali kuyendetsa kafukufuku wosayendetsedwa bwino. Kotero, kupatula kusankha osankhidwa 100 apamwamba kuti alandire nkhokwe, iwo adatenganso othandizira 100 omwe sanawapatse. Awa 100 anali ngati gulu lolamulira. Ndipo, mozama, ndani yemwe anali mu gulu lachipatala ndipo yemwe anali mu gulu lolamulira anadzipereka mwachisawawa.
Pamene Restivo ndi van de Rijt ankayang'ana khalidwe la anthu omwe ali mu gulu lolamulira, adapeza kuti zopereka zawo zinali kuchepa. Komanso, pamene Restivo ndi van de Rijt anayerekezera anthu omwe ali ndi gulu lachipatala (ie, analandira mabarnstars) kwa anthu omwe ali mu gulu lolamulira, adapeza kuti anthu omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chipatala amapereka ndalama zoposa 60%. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zopereka za magulu onsewa zinali chinyengo, koma a gulu lolamulira anali kuchita mofulumira kwambiri.
Monga momwe phunziroli likusonyezera, gulu lolamulira mu kuyesayesa ndilofunika kwambiri mwa njira yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Pofuna kuyeza molondola zotsatira za mabarnstars, Restivo ndi van de Rijt ankayenera kuwona anthu omwe sanalandire nkhokwe. Kawirikawiri, ofufuza omwe sakudziwa mayesero amalephera kuzindikira kufunika kopambana kwa gulu lolamulira. Ngati Restivo ndi van de Rijt sakanakhala ndi gulu lolamulira, akanatha kupeza ndondomeko yolakwika. Magulu otsogolera ndi ofunika kwambiri kuti CEO wa kampani yaikulu ya casino yanena kuti pali njira zitatu zokha zomwe antchito angathamangire ku gulu lake: kuba, kuchitidwa nkhanza, kapena kuyesayesa popanda gulu lolamulira (Schrage 2011) .
Phunziro la Restivo ndi la van de Rijt limasonyeza zowonjezera zinayi zomwe zimayesedwa: kuyesa, kupititsa patsogolo, kulowerera, ndi zotsatira. Zonsezi, zowonjezera zinayi zimapangitsa asayansi kusuntha zogwirizanitsa ndi kuyeretsa zotsatira za mankhwala. Mwachindunji, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kumatanthauza kuti anthu omwe akuchiritsidwa ndi magulu otsogolera adzakhala ofanana. Izi ndi zofunika chifukwa zikutanthauza kuti kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa magulu awiriwa kungakhaleko chifukwa cha chithandizo osati chisokonezo.
Kuwonjezera pokhala fanizo labwino la kayendedwe ka mayesero, maphunziro a Restivo ndi a van de Rijt amasonyezanso kuti kuyesa kwa kuyesera kwa digito kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri ndi kafukufuku wa analog. Mu Restivo ndi kuyesa kwa van de Rijt, zinali zophweka kupereka wina aliyense, ndipo zinali zosavuta kufufuza zotsatira zotsatila-nthawi yochulukirapo (chifukwa kusintha mbiri kumasinthidwa ndi Wikipedia). Luso limeneli kupulumutsa chithandizo kuyeza zakambidwa pa mtengo palibe ndi qualitatively mosiyana zatsopano m'mbuyomu. Ngakhale kuyesera kumeneku kunali anthu okwana 200, zikanatha kuyendetsedwa ndi anthu 2,000 kapena 20,000. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimalepheretsa ochita kafukufukuwo kuti asayese zomwe anali nazo sizinali mtengo; chinali chikhalidwe. Ndikokuti, Restivo ndi van de Rijt sanafune kupereka mabanki kwa olemba osayenera, ndipo sanafune kuti ayese kusokoneza gulu la Wikipedia (Restivo and Rijt 2012, 2014) . Ndibwereranso kuzinthu zamakono zomwe zatchulidwa ndi zomwe zachitika m "chaputala chino komanso chaputala 6.
Potsirizira pake, kuyesedwa kwa Restivo ndi van de Rijt kumasonyeza bwino kuti ngakhale kuti mfundo yaikulu ya kuyesa siinasinthe, momwe zinthu zatsopano zatsopano zimayesera zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri. Kenaka, kuti ndiwonetsetse bwino kwambiri mwayi wopangidwa ndi kusintha kumeneku, ndidzafanizira mayesero omwe ofufuza angathe kuchita panopa ndi mitundu yoyesera yomwe yapangidwa kale.
