1.2 Mwalandiridwa ku m'badwo digito
M'badwo wa digito uli paliponse, ukukula, ndipo ukusintha zomwe zingatheke kwa ofufuza.
Cholinga chachikulu cha buku lino ndi chakuti zaka za digito zimapanga mwayi watsopano wofufuza. Ochita kafukufuku tsopano amatha kuona makhalidwe, kufunsa mafunso, kuyesa mayesero, ndi kugwirizana nawo m'njira zomwe sizingatheke posachedwapa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mipata yatsopanoyi mumabweretsa mavuto atsopano: ofufuza angathe kuvulaza anthu m'njira zomwe sizingatheke posachedwapa. Gwero la mwayi ndi zoopsazi ndi kusintha kuchokera m'badwo wa analoji mpaka m'badwo wa digito. Kusintha kumeneku sikuchitika nthawi yomweyo-monga kuwombera kwawunika-ndipo, kwenikweni, sikunakwaniritsidwe. Komabe, tawona mokwanira pakali pano kuti tidziwe kuti chinachake chachikulu chikuchitika.
Njira imodzi yodziwira kusintha uku ndikuyang'ana kusintha pamoyo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Zinthu zambiri m'moyo mwanu zomwe poyamba zimakhala ngati analog ndizo zamakono. Mwinamwake mumagwiritsa ntchito kamera ndi filimu, koma tsopano mumagwiritsa ntchito kamera yamakina (yomwe mwina ndi gawo la foni yanu). Mwinamwake mumakonda kuwerenga nyuzipepala, koma tsopano mukuwerenga nyuzipepala ya intaneti. Mwinamwake mumakonda kulipira zinthu ndi ndalama, koma tsopano mumalipira ndi khadi la ngongole. Pachifukwa chilichonse, kusintha kuchokera ku analog kupita kudijito kumatanthauza kuti deta zambiri za iwe zikugwidwa ndikusungidwa ndi digitally.
Ndipotu, poyang'ana pawiri, zotsatira za kusinthazi ndi zodabwitsa. Kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso padziko lapansi chikuwonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo zambiri zomwezo zimasungidwa ndi digitally, zomwe zimapangitsa kusanthula, kufalitsa, ndi kugwirizana (chithunzi 1.1). Zonse zamakono zadijitozi zatchedwa "deta yaikulu." Kuphatikiza pa kuphulika kwa deta ya deta, pali kukula kofanana mukupeza mphamvu yamagetsi (chithunzi 1.1). Zowonjezereka zowonjezera ma digito ndi kuwonjezeka kwa makompyuta-zikhoza kupitilira mtsogolomu yodalirika.
Chithunzi 1.1: Mphamvu yosungiramo uthenga ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zikuwonjezeka kwambiri. Komanso, yosungiramo zowonongeka tsopano ndi pafupifupi digito yokha. Kusintha uku kumapanga mwayi wapadera kwa ochita kafukufuku. Kuchokera ku Hilbert and López (2011) , chiwerengero cha 2 ndi 5.
Kuti cholinga cha kafukufuku wamakhalidwe a anthu, ndikuganiza kuti chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'zaka za digito ndi makompyuta kulikonse . Kuyambira monga makina akuluakulu omwe analipo kwa maboma ndi makampani akuluakulu, makompyuta akhala akukula mu kukula ndipo akuwonjezeka mu chiwerengero. Aliyense khumi kuyambira 1980s ndi waona mtundu watsopano wa kompyuta zitangomera: makompyuta, Malaputopu, mafoni anzeru, ndi mapurosesa tsopano ophatikizidwa mu "Internet Zinthu" (ie, makompyuta mkati zipangizo monga magalimoto, mawotchi ndi thermostats) (Waldrop 2016) . Mowonjezereka, makompyuta awa amodzi samangopitirira kuwerengera; amazindikiranso, kusunga, ndi kutumiza uthenga.
Kwa ochita kafukufuku, tanthauzo la kupezeka kwa makompyuta kulikonse ndilosavuta kuwona pa intaneti, malo omwe amadziwika bwino ndi ovomerezeka kuyesera. Mwachitsanzo, sitolo ya pa intaneti ikhoza kusonkhanitsa deta yodabwitsa kwambiri yokhudza kugula kwa mamiliyoni ambiri makasitomala. Komanso, zingathe kupanga magulu a makasitomala mosavuta kuti alandire zochitika zosiyanasiyana za kugula. Kukwanitsa kwina pamwamba pa kufufuza kumatanthawuza kuti masitolo a pa intaneti angathe kuyesa nthawi zonse kuyesedwa kosadziwika. Ndipotu, ngati munagulapo chilichonse kuchokera ku sitolo ya pa intaneti, khalidwe lanu lakhala likudziwika ndipo mwakhala mukugwira nawo ntchitoyi, kaya mukudziwa kapena ayi.
Izi zikuyendetsedwa bwino, dziko lokhazikika lokha silikuchitika pa intaneti; izi zikuchitika mochuluka kulikonse. Malo osungirako amatha kusonkhanitsa deta zambiri, ndipo akukonzekera zowonongeka kuti azitsatira makasitomala ogula malonda ndi kusakaniza kuyesera muchitidwe wamakhalidwe abwino. "Intaneti ya Zinthu" zikutanthauza kuti khalidwe mu dziko lapansili lidzagwedezeka kwambiri ndi maginito a digito. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mukamaganizira za kafukufuku wamagulu m'zaka za digito musaganizire pa intaneti , muyenera kuganiza paliponse .
Kuwonjezera pa kuchititsa kuyeza kwa khalidwe ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala, nthawi ya digito yathandizanso njira zatsopano kuti anthu azilankhulana. Njira zatsopano zolankhulirana zimapangitsa ochita kafukufuku kuyendetsa kafukufuku wamakono ndikupanga mgwirizano wambiri ndi anzawo komanso anthu onse.
Wokayikira anganene kuti palibe njira iliyonse yatsopanoyi yatsopano. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'mbuyomu pakhala palipambano zazikulu zomwe anthu amatha kulankhula (mwachitsanzo, telegraph (Gleick 2011) ), ndipo makompyuta akhala akuthamanga mofulumira kwambiri kuyambira m'ma 1960 (Waldrop 2016) . Koma zomwe amakayikira izi ndikuti nthawi zina zofanana zimakhala zosiyana. Pano pali fanizo limene ndimakonda (Halevy, Norvig, and Pereira 2009; Mayer-Schönberger and Cukier 2013) . Ngati mungatenge fano la kavalo, ndiye kuti muli ndi chithunzi. Ndipo, ngati mungathe kutenga mafano 24 a kavalo pamphindi, ndiye kuti muli ndi kanema. N'zoona kuti filimuyi ndi chabe zithunzi, koma anthu okayikira kwambiri amanena kuti zithunzi ndi mafilimu ndi ofanana.
Ochita kafukufuku akukonzekera kusintha kwasinthidwe kuchoka ku kujambula ndikujambula zithunzi. Kusintha uku, sikutanthauza kuti zonse zomwe taphunzira m'mbuyomo ziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Monga momwe kujambulira kujambula kumawonetsera mafilimu, machitidwe a kafukufuku omwe anthu apanga pazaka 100 zapitazi amadziwitsa kafukufuku wa anthu omwe akuchitika m'zaka 100 zotsatira. Koma, kusintha kumatanthauzanso kuti sitiyenera kupitiriza kuchita zomwezo. M'malo mwake, tifunika kuphatikiza njira zakale zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zamakono komanso zamtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa Joshua Blumenstock ndi anzake anali osakaniza kafukufuku wamakono ndi zomwe ena angatchule sayansi ya deta. Zonsezi ndizofunikira: ngakhale mayankho a kafukufuku kapena zolembera zawo zokha zinali zokwanira kuti apange kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha umphawi. Kawirikawiri, ochita kafukufuku amafunika kuphatikizapo maganizo ochokera kwa sayansi ndi sayansi ya deta kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi wa m'badwo wa digito; ngakhale kuyandikira nokha kudzakhala kokwanira.
