3.3.3 Cost

Kafukufuku si free, ndipo uyu ndi choletsa weniweni.

Pakalipano, ndapenda mwachidule ndondomeko yolakwika yowonongeka, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi chithandizo cha kutalika kwa buku (Weisberg 2005; Groves et al. 2009) . Ngakhale kuti mfundoyi ndi yowonjezereka, nthawi zambiri amachititsa akatswiri kunyalanyaza chinthu chofunikira: mtengo. Ngakhale mtengo-womwe ukhoza kuyesedwa ndi nthawi kapena ndalama-sizimakambidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi ochita kafukufuku, ndizovuta zomwe siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Ndipotu, mtengo ndi wofunika kwambiri pa kafukufuku wofufuza (Groves 2004) : chifukwa chake ochita kafukufuku amafunsa anthu ena osati anthu onse. Kukhala ndi mtima umodzi wodzipereka kuchepetsa zolakwika pamene tikunyalanyaza kwathunthu ndalama sikuti nthawi zonse timakhala ndi chidwi.

Kulephera kwa zovuta ndi kuchepetsa zolakwika zikuwonetsedwa ndi ntchito yochititsa chidwi ya Scott Keeter ndi othandizana nawo (2000) potsatira zotsatira za ntchito zamakono zotsika mtengo pofuna kuchepetsa kufufuza kwa foni. Keeter ndi anzake adathamanga maphunziro awiri omwe amodzimodzi, imodzi pogwiritsa ntchito "njira zowatengera" ndikugwiritsira ntchito "njira zowonetsera". Kusiyanitsa pakati pa maphunziro awiriwa ndi kuchuluka kwa khama lomwe linayambanso kukambirana ndi omwe anafunsidwa ndikuwalimbikitsa kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali. Mwachitsanzo, mu phunziroli ndi "ntchito yovuta", ochita kafukufuku amawatcha kuti mabanja omwe sampangidwe kawirikawiri komanso kwa nthawi yaitali ndikudandaula ngati ophunzira atakana kukambirana nawo. Khama limeneli linapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zochepa zopanda malire, koma zinawonjezerapo ndalama zambiri. Phunzirolo pogwiritsira ntchito "ndondomeko" ndondomekoyi inali yokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo nthawi zisanu ndi zitatu. Ndipo, potsirizira pake, maphunziro onsewa anabweretsa zofanana zofanana. Ntchitoyi, komanso zotsatira zotsatizana ndi zomwe zapeza (Keeter et al. 2006) , ziyenera kukupangitsani kudzifunsa kuti: Kodi timapambana ndi kafukufuku woyenera kapena kafukufuku wamodzi? Nanga bwanji kafukufuku 10 oyenerera kapena kafukufuku wina wochititsa chidwi? Nanga bwanji kafukufuku wokwanira 100 kapena kafukufuku wina wochititsa chidwi? Panthawi inayake, kupindula kwakukulu kuyenera kuwonjezerapo nkhaŵa zopanda pake, zopanda pake za khalidwe.

Monga momwe ndisonyezera mu chaputala ichi chonse, mwayi wambiri wopangidwa ndi zaka za digito sikutanthauza kupanga zowerengera zomwe ziri ndi zolakwika zochepa. M'malo mwake, mwayi uwu uli pafupi ndi kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana ndikupanga zowerengera mofulumira komanso zotchipa, ngakhale ndi zolakwika zazikulu. Ochita kafukufuku amene amaumirira maganizo amodzi ndi kuchepetsa zolakwika pokhapokha ngati miyeso inanso ya khalidweli iphonya mwayi wapadera. Kuchokera kumayambiriro awa pa kafukufuku wofufuza, tsopano tiyang'ana mbali zitatu zomwe zafukufuku wofufuza: njira zatsopano zowunikira (gawo 3.4), njira zatsopano zowunikira (gawo 3.5), ndi njira zatsopano zophatikiza kafukufuku ndi zigawo zazikulu za deta (gawo 3.6).