2.3.1.3 Non-urupare

Ko nui iti pea ki te huri i te whanonga i roto i ngā puna raraunga nui inenga.

Kotahi wero o te rangahau hapori ko e taea e te iwi te huri to ratou whanonga ka mohio ratou kei te kitea ratou e kairangahau. Pūtaiao pāpori tikanga karanga tenei huringa whanonga i roto i te whakautu ki te kairangahau inenga tauhohenga (Webb et al. 1966) . Kotahi āhuatanga o te raraunga nui e kitea he tokomaha kairangahau fafau ko e ngā kaiuru e te tikanga e kore e mōhio e te mau o ratou raraunga kua meinga e ratou kia waia ki tenei kohinga raraunga e kore te reira e taui to ratou whanonga ranei. No te mea he ratou kore-urupare, Na, e taea te whakamahi maha puna o raraunga nui ki te ako whanonga kore i i kua amendable ki ine tika mua. Hei tauira, Stephens-Davidowitz (2014) e whakamahia ana i te nuinga o ngā kaikiri i roto i pātai search engine ki te ine i animus iwi i roto i ngā rohe rerekē o te United States. Te kore-urupare me te nui (kite wāhanga o mua) āhua o raraunga rapu whakahohea inenga e pai kia uaua te whakamahi i ētahi atu tikanga, pērā i ngā rangahau.

Non-tauhohenga, Heoi, e kore e whakarite i enei raraunga e te hopoia he hāngai whakaata o te whanonga o te iwi waiaro ranei. Hei tauira, rite kotahi kaiurupare korerotia Newman et al. (2011) , "e kore te reira e kore ahau e whai raruraru, Au tika ahau e kore e maka ana ia ratou i runga i Facebook." I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, ahakoa he kore-urupare etahi puna raraunga nui, e kore e noa o te rītaha hiahia pāpori ratou i nga wa katoa , ki te hehema mo te iwi e hiahia ana ki te tapae ia ratou i roto i te ara pai e taea. I tua atu, ka rite ki ahau ka whakaahua atu i raro, e te tahi mau taime pānga enei puna raraunga i te whāinga o rangatira pūhara, he raruraru i huaina veuveuki algorithmic (whakaahuatia ake i raro).

Ahakoa te tauhohenga-kore he pai mo te rangahau, aroturuki whanonga o te iwi, kahore to ratou whakaae me te mōhiotanga whakaara āwangawanga matatika kōrero i raro nei, me te i roto i te taipitopito i roto i te Chapter 6. He pepepe tūmatanui ki titiro mamati nui taea arahi pūnaha raraunga nui ki te riro atu urupare i runga i te wā, me te kaha āwangawanga e pā ana ki titiro mamati noa i taea e arahi tahi mau iwi ki te ngana ki te whakaputa-i roto o ngā pūnaha raraunga nui rawa, te whakanui ake āwangawanga e pā ana ki representativity kore-(whakaahuatia ake i raro).

āhuatanga enei e toru pai o raraunga nui mō te pāpori rangahau-nui, i nga wa katoa-i runga i, a kore-urupare-te tikanga ara no te mea kihai i enei puna raraunga hanga e te kairangahau mo te rangahau. Na, ka tahuri ahau ki te āhuatanga e whitu o ngā pūtake raraunga nui e te hunga kino mō te rangahau. ahu hoki ēnei āhuatanga ki te ara no te mea kihai i hanga i tenei raraunga e kairangahau mō te rangahau.