2.3.2.6 Dirty

Ka taea te utaina puna raraunga Big ki paraurehe, me te pāme.

Ētahi kairangahau whakapono e puna raraunga nui, tautautefito ki te hunga i ngā mātāpuna ipurangi, he mä no te mea kua kohia aunoa ratou. I roto i te meka, e mohio ana te iwi nei i mahi ki ngā puna raraunga nui e ratou pinepine paru. Ko, ratou pinepine ngā raraunga kore e e whakaata mahi tūturu o te pānga ki kairangahau. kua maha pāpori pūtaiao maheni ki te tukanga o te horoi nui-tauine raraunga rangahau pāpori, engari horoi puna raraunga nui te uaua ake mō te rua take: 1) kihai i hanga e ratou i kairangahau mō ngā kairangahau me te 2) kairangahau tikanga i iti te māramatanga o te pehea i hanga e ratou.

E whakaahua e Hoki, me hoa 'nga fifi o raraunga wahi mamati paru (2010) ako o te whakautu aronganui ki te whakaeke o Mahuru 11, 2001. kairangahau ako te nuinga te whakautu ki ngā fakamamahi whakamahi raraunga ki muri kohia i runga i nga marama noa nga tau ranei. Ko, kitea Hoki me hoa he karere tonu-ki pūtake o mamati tohu-te waitohuwāngia, tuhia aunoa i 85,000 American pagers-me tenei whakahohea nga kairangahau ki te ako whakautu aronganui i runga i te tauinewā maitai nui. Hoki a hanga hoa he wātaka aronganui meneti-i-meneti o Mahuru 11 na roto i te Tapa te ihirangi aronganui o nga karere pūoho i te ōrau o ngā kupu e pā ana ki (1) oto (hei tauira, te karanga, pouri), (2) manukanuka (hei tauira, māharahara, wehi), a (3) riri (hei tauira, kino, tino). kitea ratou e fluctuated pouri me te manukanuka, puta noa i te ra, kahore he tauira kaha, engari e reira ko he hua a Tūrongo i roto i te riri puta noa i te ra. mea tenei rangahau ki te waiho i te faahoho'araa faahiahia o te kaha o nga wa katoa-i runga i ngā pūtake raraunga: te whakamahi i ngā tikanga paerewa e waiho e taea ki te whai i te taua wātaka teitei-taumira o te whakautu tonu ki te hui ohorere.

Kotahi Just tau i muri mai, Heoi, Cynthia Pury (2011) titiro atu āta i te raraunga. kitea ia e te tokomaha nui o nga karere mahara riri i hangaia e te pūoho kotahi a ratou ōrite katoa. Tenei te ta ka mea aua karere mahara riri:

"Anō NT mīhini [ingoa] i roto i te rūnanga [ingoa] i [wāhi]: arohaehae: [rā me te wā]"

i tapanga riri enei karere no ratou ngā te kupu "tino", e ai te tikanga tohu riri, engari e kore e roto i tenei take. Tango i te karere i hanga e tenei pūoho aunoa kotahi rawa faaore te hua kitea i roto i te riri i runga i te akoranga o te ra (Whakaahua 2.2). I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te hua matua i roto i Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) ko te artifact o tetahi pūoho. Ka rite ki tenei tauira whakaatu, tātari āhua ohie o raraunga āhua matatini me te pōrohe e te pūmanawa ki te haere tino he.

Feruri 2.2: ngā tata i roto i te riri i runga i te akoranga o Mahuru 11, 2001 i runga i 85,000 pagers American (Back, Küfner, and Egloff 2010; Pury 2011; Back, Küfner, and Egloff 2011) . Tuatahi, Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) korerotia te tauira o te whakanui ake te riri puta noa i te ra. Heoi, i hangaia te nuinga o enei karere riri kitea e te pūoho kotahi e toutou tonoa atu te karere e whai ake nei: "mīhini anō NT [ingoa] i roto i te rūnanga [ingoa] i [wāhi]: arohaehae: [rā me te wā]". Ki te tangohia tenei karere, te hua kitea i roto i te riri riro (Pury 2011; Back, Küfner, and Egloff 2011) . Tenei ahua Ko te uri o Fig 1B i Pury (2011) .

I raraunga paru i hanga e te pohehe-pērā i tetahi ngangau pūoho-Ka taea te kitea e te kairangahau āhua tupato, i reira e ano etahi pūnaha ipurangi e kukume ngā kaiwhakakino whakaae. mātātoa ēnei kaiwhakakino whakaputa raraunga rūpahu, a-maha ue'i e pai-mahi rawa pakeke ki te pupuri i to ratou whakamuhani huna. Hei tauira, mahi tōrangapū i runga i Twitter mea ki te whakauru i te iti rawa te tahi mau pāme āhua mātanga, ai e āta hanga etahi take tōrangapū ki te titiro atu rongonui atu ratou tūturu e (Ratkiewicz et al. 2011) . Kairangahau mahi ki raraunga e kia roto pāme whakaae fehangahangai te wero o fakalotoi ratou minenga e kua kitea e ratou, ka tangohia pāme hāngai.

I te pae hopea, te mea kua whakaaro raraunga paru taea whakawhirinaki i roto i ara olopoto i runga i koutou pātai rangahau. Hei tauira, kua hanga maha whakatika ki Wikipedia e karetao aunoa (Geiger 2014) . Ki te hiahia i roto i te mātauranga rauropi o Wikipedia koutou, na he nui enei karetao. Otiia, ki te he hiahia i roto i te pehea whai wāhi te tangata ki a Wikipedia koutou, kia waho enei whakatika i hanga e enei karetao.

Nga ara pai ki te karo i te tinihangatia e raraunga paru e ki te mārama me pēhea i hanga koutou raraunga ki te mahi i tātaritanga tūhura ohie, pērā i te hanga whakaaro titaritari ohie.