3.1 Whakataki

Kairangahau e ako aihe e kore e taea e ui ratou mau uiraa. Na, kua takoha aihe kairangahau ki te ako whanonga. Kairangahau e ako te tangata, i runga i te tahi atu i te ringa, kia tango painga o te meka e taea to tatou kaiuru kōrero. kua tono iwi pātai kua ha konga mahu'inga o te rangahau pāpori hoki te wa roa, me te ao mamati taea e rua, me te titau etahi huringa i roto i te rangahau rangahau. Ahakoa te aau taia e ite wā etahi kairangahau rangahau, tatari ahau e te haere i te ao mamati ki te waiho i te tau koura o te rangahau rangahau.

Ka taea te pakeke wehewehea te hītori o te rangahau rangahau ki toru wā inaki, wehea e rua whakawhitinga whakataetae (Groves 2011; Converse 1987) . Matau inaianei ko tatou i roto i te wā o te whakawhitinga i waenganui i te rua me te toru o nga wā, engari ko te tuatahi, me te tuarua o nga wā-me te whakawhitinga i waenganui ia ratou-whakarato matauranga ki te heke mai o te rangahau rangahau.

I roto i te wā tuatahi o te rangahau rangahau, te pakeke te te tau 1930 - te tau 1960, whanaketanga i roto i te tīpako pūtaiao, me te hoahoa uiui āta hua i roto i te māramatanga hou o te rangahau rangahau. I āhuatanga i te wā tuatahi o te rangahau rangahau i te rohe tīpako tūponotanga me ngā uiuinga mata-ki-mata.

Na, he whanaketanga-te tūringiringi whānui hangarau o waea founu i taonga whenua-te mutunga arahina ki te wā tuarua o te rangahau rangahau. Tenei wā tuarua, whakatuma i te tau 1960 - 2000, i te āhuatanga e te waeatanga mati tupurangi (RDD) tīpako tūponotanga, me te waea uiuiraa. Te huringa i te wā tuatahi ki te wā tuarua hua i roto i piki nui i roto i te pai, me te heke i roto i te utu. E rave rahi kairangahau whakaaro ki tenei wā tuarua rite te tau koura o te rangahau rangahau.

Na, tetahi atu whanaketanga-te hangarau mamati tonu-ka faifai kawea tatou ki te wā tuatoru o te rangahau rangahau. Kei te peia tenei whakawhitinga i te pana e rua, me te wahia āhuatanga. I roto i te wahi, e takoha kairangahau ki te huri i te mea kei te whawhati iho huarahi i te wā tuarua i roto i te ao mamati (Meyer, Mok, and Sullivan 2015) . Hei tauira, e kore e nui noa atu te mau utuafare i waea founu, me te whakautu-kore reiti-whakautu e tango engari e kore e whai wāhi i roto i te rangahau-kua whakanui ake (Council 2013) . Tukutahi ki tenei rärangi o rua-era huarahi ki te tīpako me te te uiui, i reira he whakanui ake wātea o ngā pūtake raraunga nui (kite Chapter 2) e puta ki te whakawehi ki te whakakapi rangahau. I tua atu ki enei āhuatanga pana, i reira e wahia hoki ngā āhuatanga: whakahere te toru o nga huarahi wā whai wāhitanga maere, rite ka whakaatu ahau i roto i tenei pene. Ahakoa kore e mea rawa noho ano, tatari ahau e ka āhuatanga te toru o nga wā o te rangahau rangahau i te tīpako tūponotanga-kore, me ngā uiuinga rorohiko-whakahaere. I tua atu, ahakoa i te āhuatanga te wā mua i o ratou huarahi ki te tīpako me te te uiui, tatari ahau e ano e te toru o te wā o te rangahau rangahau kia āhuatanga e te hononga o rangahau ki ngā puna raraunga nui (Ripanga 3.1).

E kore Kua te whakawhiti i waenganui i te wā tuarua, me te tuatoru o te rangahau rangahau i tino maheni, a reira kua tautohetohe mura nei e pā ana ki te pehea e puta kairangahau. Titiro ki muri i runga i te whakawhitinga i waenganui i nga wā tuatahi, me te tuarua, whakaaro ahau ki reira he kotahi matauranga matua mo tatou inaianei: e ​​kore ko te mutunga i te timatanga. Ko, te tīmatanga maha tikanga tuarua-era i ad-noa, me te kore i te mahi tino pai. Ko, i roto i te mahi pakeke, faatiti'aifarohia kairangahau enei raruraru, me huarahi tuarua-era pae hopea i pai ake huarahi tuatahi-era. Hei tauira, i kairangahau mahi waea mati matapōkere waea mō ngā tau maha i mua i Mitofsky me Waksberg whakawhanakehia he tikanga matapōkere mati waea tīpako i ngā āhuatanga mahi me te ariā pai (Waksberg 1978; Brick and Tucker 2007) . Ko te kupu, e kore e ti'a ia tatou whakapoauau i te āhua o ngā huarahi tuatoru-era o nāianei ki o ratou putanga hopea. hanga mārama te hītori o te rangahau rangahau e te huri mara, peia e huringa i roto i te hangarau me te hapori. Kahore he ara ki te mutu taua kukuwhatanga. Engari, e ti'a ia tatou awhi reira, ia tonu ki te utu whakaaro nui i wā o mua. I roto i te meka, whakapono ahau e ka riro i te ao mamati te ake tino whakaongaonga ano hoki tono iwi pātai.

Te toenga o te pene e haamata na roto i te totohe e kore puna raraunga nui ka whakakapi rangahau me e te nui o te raraunga piki-kore heke-te uara o rangahau (Wāhanga 3.2). Hoatu taua hihiri, ka whakarāpopoto e ahau te katoa anga hapa rangahau (Wāhanga 3.3) i whakawhanakehia i roto i te wā tuatahi e rua o te rangahau rangahau. Tenei anga e āhei ia tatou ki te mahino huarahi hou ki te kanohi-i roto i ngā, tauira tūponotanga-kore (Wāhanga 3.4) -pea huarahi hou ki te inenga-i roto i ngā, ara hou o tono pātai ki ngā (Wāhanga 3.5). I te pae hopea, ka whakaahua ahau tauira rangahau e rua mō te hono raraunga rangahau ki ngā pūtake raraunga nui (Wāhanga 3.6).