ngohe

Key:

  • tohu o te uaua: ngāwari ngāwari , reo reo , pakeke pakeke , Rawa pakeke rawa pakeke
  • titau pāngarau ( titau pāngarau )
  • titau Tapa ( titau Tapa )
  • kohinga raraunga ( kohinga raraunga )
  • oku makau ( toku tino )

  1. [ pakeke , titau pāngarau ] I roto i te pene, ko ahau rawa pai e pā ana ki te pou-raupapatanga. Heoi, e kore e whakapai ake tonu reira te kounga o tata. Te hanga i tētahi āhuatanga i reira e taea te tuku-raupapatanga e taea whakaiti i te kounga o tata. (No te te tīwhiri, kite Thomsen (1973) ).

  2. [ pakeke , kohinga raraunga , titau Tapa ] Hoahoa me te whakahaere i te rangahau tūponotanga-kore i runga i Amazon MTurk ki te ui e pā ana ki pū mana ( "E koe, e te tangata i roto i tou whare ranei, ake he pū, raiwhara ranei pītara? Ko e koutou tētahi atu i roto i to koutou whare? Ranei"), me te ( "he aha te mahi koe whakaaro nui-ki te tiaki i te tika o Ameliká ki ake pu, ki te whakahaere pū mana ranei?") waiaro ki te mana pū.

    1. Kia pehea te roa e tangohia tou rangahau? Kia pehea te nui te utu? Kia pehea te e nga tatauranga o tou tauira whakataurite ki te tatauranga o te taupori US?
    2. He aha te mea te tata raw o te mana pū mā te whakamahi i tō tauira?
    3. Tika hoki te representativeness-kore o to koutou tauira mā te whakamahi i pou-raupapatanga etahi atu tikanga ranei. Na he aha te mea te tata o te pū mana?
    4. Kia pehea te e koutou tata whakataurite ki te tata hou i Pew Center Research? Aha koe e whakaaro whakamārama i te hapanga, ki te mea he tetahi?
    5. A tapiti faahou i te mahi 2-5 mō waiaro ki te mana pū. Kia pehea te e koutou kitenga rerekē?

  3. [ rawa pakeke , kohinga raraunga , titau Tapa ] Goel me hoa (2016) whakahaeretia he rangahau e hāngai ana-tūponotanga-kore arā, o 49 pātai Waiaro maha-kōwhiringa unu i te General Social Survey (GSS) me tīpako rangahau i te Pew Research Center i runga i Amazon MTurk. Na ratou whakarite mo te representativeness-kore o raraunga mā te whakamahi i hāngai tauira-pou-raupapatanga (Mr. P), ka whakarite i te whakatau tata whakaritea ki te hunga tata te whakamahi i rangahau GSS / Pew hāngai tūponotanga-. Whakahaere i te rangahau kotahi i runga i MTurk, ka ngana ki te tārua Figure 2a me te Figure 2b mā te whakatairite koutou tata faatanoraa ki te whakatau tata i te rauna tino tata o GSS / Pew (Vakai, Tāpiritanga A2 Ripanga mo te rārangi o 49 ngā pātai).

    1. Whakatauritea koutou hua ki te hua i Pew a GSS.
    2. Whakatauritea koutou hua ki te hua i te rangahau MTurk i Goel, Obeng, and Rothschild (2016) .

  4. [ reo , kohinga raraunga , titau Tapa ] E rave rahi rangahau whakamahi mehua whaiaro pūrongo-o raraunga mahi waea pūkoro. Ko te tautuhinga ngā wahi e kairangahau taea whakarite whanonga whaiaro-korerotia ki whanonga anō tenei (kite hei tauira, Boase and Ling (2013) ). E rua ngā whanonga noa ki te ui e pā ana ki e karanga, me te fe'ave'aki, me rua nga papa wa noa e "inanahi" me "i roto i te wiki o mua."

    1. I mua i te kohikohi i tetahi raraunga, i o te pūrongo-whaiaro mehua koutou whakaaro e he tika ake? Te aha?
    2. Kimi 5 o koutou hoa kia kia i roto i to koutou rangahau. Tena whakarāpopoto poto pehea tango enei hoa 5 i. Ai tenei tukanga tīpako kaha o näianei tauwhāiti i roto i to outou tata?
    3. Tena, ui ratou te whai ake moroiti-rangahau:
    • "Hia koe i te whakamahi i te waea pūkoro ki te karanga ia vetahi inanahi?"
    • "Kia pehea te maha kuputuhi karere koutou i unga inanahi?"
    • "Hia koe i te whakamahi i tou waea pūkoro ki te karanga ia vetahi i roto i te whitu nga ra whakamutunga?"
    • "Kia pehea te maha nga wa i whakamahi koe tou waea pūkoro ki te tonoa whiwhi karere kuputuhi / SMS i whitu nga ra whakamutunga? Ranei" Kia oti te rangahau, ui ki tirohia ratou raraunga whakamahinga rite takiuru e ratou kaiwhakarato waea ratonga ranei.
    1. Nahea te whakarite ki te takiuru raraunga whakamahi whaiaro pūrongo-? Ko tehea te tika rawa, e te mea iti rawa tika?
    2. Na ngā te raraunga e kua kohia e koe ki nga raraunga i te tahi atu taata i roto i ta outou piha haapiiraa (te mea kei te mahi koe i tenei mahi mo te akomanga). Ki tenei huingararaunga nui, faahiti wāhanga (d).

  5. [ reo , kohinga raraunga ] Schuman ko takahanga (1996) tautohe e faufaa e whakahau pātai mō te rua ngā momo o whanaunga i waenganui i ngā pātai: wahi-wahi pātai wahi e rua ngā pātai i te taumata kotahi o te pū (hei tauira whakawākanga o rua kaitono peresideniraa); me pātai wahi-katoa i reira whai he pātai whānui he pātai motuhake ake (hei tauira, te ani "Kia pehea te makona e koe ki tou mahi?" aru e "Kia pehea te makona e koe ki tou ora?").

    Ratou tohu atu e rua ngā momo o te pānga kia pātai: pānga ōritetanga puta ina e kawea whakautu ki te pātai i muri ofi (atu i te kore ratou e waiho) ki te hunga i homai ki te pātai mua; fakafehoanaki pānga tupu, no te reira he rerekētanga nui i waenganui i ngā urupare ki ngā pātai e rua.

    1. Waihanga i te rua o te wahi-wahi pātai e whakaaro koutou e whai i te pānga nui te tikanga pātai, he rua o ngā pātai wahi-katoa ka whai i te pānga kia nui e whakaaro koutou, me tetahi atu tokorua o ngā pātai whakaaro koutou e kore e mea faufaa tona tikanga. Whakahaere i te whakamātau rangahau i runga i MTurk ki te whakamātau i a koutou pātai.
    2. Kia pehea te nui ko te pānga wahi-wahi i taea ki te waihanga koe? Ko reira te pānga ōritetanga taa ranei?
    3. Kia pehea te nui ko te pānga wahi-katoa i kaha ki te hanga i a koutou? Ko reira te pānga ōritetanga taa ranei?
    4. Ko reira te pānga raupapa pātai i roto i to koutou rua wahi kihai i whakaaro koutou e faufaa i te tikanga?

  6. [ reo , kohinga raraunga ] Te paturaa i runga i te mahi o Schuman ko takahanga, Moore (2002) whakamārama i te taha motuhake o te pānga kia pātai: tāpiri me te subtractive. Ahakoa e hua rerekē me te ōritetanga pānga rite te putanga o ngā aromātai o te tūemi e rua ngā 'i roto i te pā ki tahi i te tahi, tāpiri me te e hua pānga subtractive ina e hanga ngā atu tairongo ki te anga nui i roto i nei e fai te mau uiraa. A taio i te Moore (2002) , ka hoahoa, ka rere i te whakamātau rangahau i runga i MTurk ki whakaatu tāpiri subtractive ranei pānga.

  7. [ pakeke , kohinga raraunga ] Christopher Antoun me hoa (2015) whakahaeretia he ako whakatairite i te tauira haratau whiwhi i rerekē puna kimi ipurangi wha: MTurk, Craigslist, Google AdWords ko Facebook. Hangaia he rangahau ohie, me te kimi whai wāhi i roto i rerekē puna kimi ipurangi i te iti rawa e rua (e taea e ratou rerekē puna i te mātāpuna e wha whakamahia i roto i Antoun et al. (2015) ).

    1. Whakatauritea te utu ia kimi, i roto i ngā o te moni, me te wa, i waenganui puna rerekē.
    2. Whakatauritea te hanganga o nga tauira whiwhi i ngā mātāpuna rerekē.
    3. Whakatauritea te kounga o ngā raraunga i waenga i nga tauira. No te mau mana'o e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te ine i te kounga raraunga i ngā, kite Schober et al. (2015) .
    4. He aha te mea koutou pūtake pai? Te aha?

  8. [ reo ] Yougov, he maro rangahau mākete hāngai ipurangi-, whakahaere pane ipurangi o te rōpū o e pā ana ki 800,000 ngā i roto i te UK, a whakamahia Mr. P. ki matapae i te hua o EU Täpaetanga (arā, Brexit) te wahi pōti te kaipōti UK rānei ki noho i roto i ranei waiho i te Pākehā Union.

    Ko konei te whakamārama taipitopito o te tauira tauanga o Yougov (https://yougov.co.uk/news/2016/06/21/yougov-referendum-model/). Pakeke e korero ana, pātaki Yougov ngā kaipōti ki momo e hāngai ana i runga i 2015 pōtitanga whānui whiriwhiri pōti, tau, tohu, te ira tangata, te rā o te uiuiraa, me te vahenga e ora ratou i roto i. Tuatahi, whakamahia ratou raraunga i kohia i te tau'araa Yougov ki te whakatau tata, i roto i te hunga e pōti, te ōwehenga o te iwi o ia momo kaipōti e hiahia ki te pōti Waiho. tata ratou huihuinga o ia momo kaipōti mā te whakamahi i te Ako 2015 British Pōti (BES) pou-pōti kanohi-ki-te kanohi rangahau, i whakamana huihuinga i te rārangi pōti. I te pae hopea, tata ratou te tini iwi ko reira o ia momo kaipōti i roto i te rohe pōti i runga i hou Census me ā-Taupori Survey (ki etahi mōhiohio tua atu i te BES, Yougov raraunga rangahau i huri noa i te pōtitanga whānui, me te mōhiohio i runga i te pehea pōti maha iwi hoki ia rōpū i roto i ia rohe pōti).

    E toru nga ra i te aroaro o te pōti, whakakitea Yougov he mata rua ira hoki Waiho. I runga i te eve o te pōti, whakakitea te pooti tata rawa ki te karanga (49-51 noho). tohu te whakamutunga ako i runga i-te-ra 48/52 i manakohia o noho (https://yougov.co.uk/news/2016/06/23/yougov-day-poll/). I roto i te meka, mahue tenei tata te hua whakamutunga (52-48 Waiho) e wha ngā ōrau.

    1. Whakamahia te katoa anga hapa rangahau kōrero i roto i tenei pene ki te aromatawai te mea i taea e kua riro he.
    2. whakautu a Yougov i muri i te pōtitanga (https://yougov.co.uk/news/2016/06/24/brexit-follows-close-run-campaign/) faataa: "te mea tenei i roto i te wahi nui e tika ana ki te huihuinga - te tahi mea e kua mea matou haere katoa e kia tino hira ki te putanga o te iwi miro tautika taua. I hāngai ana to tatou tauira huihuinga, i roto i te wahi, i runga i ranei ngā i pōti i te pōtitanga whānui whakamutunga me te taumata huihuinga i runga i o pōtitanga whānui tere te tauira, otirā i roto i te Te Tai Tokerau. "E huri tenei tō whakautu ki te wāhanga (he)?

  9. [ reo , titau Tapa ] Tuhia he whaihanga ki te whakaatu i ia o nga hapa kanohi i roto i te Hoahoa 3.1.

    1. Waihanga i te āhuatanga i reira mau whakakore i enei hapa.
    2. Waihanga i te āhuatanga i reira pūhui te hapa ia te tahi.

  10. [ rawa pakeke , titau Tapa ] Ko te rangahau o Blumenstock me hoa (2015) wāhi hanga he tauira ako mīhini e taea te whakamahi i raraunga wahi mamati ki te matapae urupare rangahau. Na, kei te haere koe ki te tamata i te mea ano ki te huingararaunga rerekē. Kosinski, Stillwell, and Graepel (2013) i kitea e pai Facebook taea matapae āhuatanga takitahi me huanga. Koinei, Ka taea e enei matapae kia ara ake tika atu te hunga o hoa me hoa (Youyou, Kosinski, and Stillwell 2015) .

    1. A taio i te Kosinski, Stillwell, and Graepel (2013) , ka tārua Figure 2. E wātea ratou raraunga konei: http://mypersonality.org/
    2. Na, te tārua Figure 3.
    3. I te pae hopea, tamata ratou tauira i runga i tou ake raraunga Facebook: http://applymagicsauce.com/. Kia pehea te pai e mahi i te reira mo koutou?

  11. [ reo ] Toole et al. (2015) ki te pūkete whakamahi karanga taipitopito (CDRs) i waea pūkoro matapae ngā kore mahi whakahiato.

    1. Whakatauritea te hoahoa o Toole et al. (2015) ki a Blumenstock, Cadamuro, and On (2015) .
    2. whakaaro e koe kia whakakapi CDRs rangahau tuku iho, ngā ratou ranei e kore e te whakamahi i te katoa hoki policymakers kāwanatanga ki te aroturuki i kore mahi? Te aha?
    3. He aha te taunakitanga e riria koe e taea CDRs tino whakakapi mehua tuku iho o te auau kore mahi?

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