6.4 anọ ụkpụrụ

Anọ kwuru ga-enyere-eme nnyocha chere ihu usoro ziri ezi na-ejighị n'aka bụ: Nkwanye Ùgwù maka Persons, Beneficence, Justice, na nrubeisi nye iwu na Public Interest.

The usoro ziri ezi ịma aka ndị na-eme nnyocha na-eche ihu dijitalụ afọ ndị dịtụ iche karịa ndị na n'oge gara aga. Otú ọ dị, ndị nnyocha pụrụ lebara nsogbu ndị a site ewu na mbụ usoro ziri ezi echiche. Karịsịa, m kwere na ụkpụrụ na-egosipụta n'ụzọ abụọ akụkọ-The Belmont Report (Belmont Report 1979) na The Menlo Report (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) -can enyemaka na-eme nnyocha ihe mere banyere usoro ziri ezi ihe ịma aka ndị ha na-enwe. Ka m na-akọwa na ihe nkowa na Historical Odide Ntụkwasị, ma ndị a akụkọ si na ya pụta nke multi-afọ deliberations site ogwe nke ndị ọkachamara na ọtụtụ mgbe ọsọ ọsọ si a dịgasị iche iche nke ndị nketa oke.

Akpa, na 1974, omume usoro ziri ezi ọdịda site na-eme nnyocha, dị ka aha ọjọọ Tuskegee Syphilis Study (lee Historical Odide Ntụkwasị), na US Congress kere a mba ọrụ dee usoro ziri ezi ụkpụrụ nduzi maka nnyocha metụtara ụmụ mmadụ na-achị. Mgbe afọ anọ nke nzukọ n'Ụlọ Belmont Conference Center, ìgwè mepụtara ihe Belmont Report, a gịrịgịrị ma dị ike akwụkwọ. The Belmont Report bụ ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi ihe ndabere maka Common-achị, ndị set nke iwu na-achị ụmụ mmadụ na-achị nnyocha na ulo oru Review Boards (IRBs) na-tasked na ịmanye (Porter and Koski 2008) .

Mgbe ahụ, na 2010, ná nzaghachi nye usoro ziri ezi ọdịda nke kọmputa nche na-eme nnyocha na ihe isi ike nke itinye echiche na Belmont Report na-dijitalụ afọ nnyocha, na US Government-kpọmkwem na Ngalaba n'ala nna Nche-kere a-acha anụnụ anụnụ-rịbọn nyere ka e dee a na-edu usoro ziri ezi kpuchie n'ihi na nnyocha ndị metụtara ọmụma na nkwurịta okwu na teknụzụ (ICT). The results mgbalị a bụ Menlo Report (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) .

Ọnụ na Belmont Report na Menlo Report na-enye anọ kwuru ga-enyere usoro ziri ezi deliberations site na-eme nnyocha: Nkwanye Ùgwù maka Persons, Beneficence, Justice, na nrubeisi nye iwu na Public Interest. Ime anọ ndị a ụkpụrụ na omume ọ bụghị mgbe niile n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ, na ọ nwere ike na-achọ siri ike iṅomi. The ụkpụrụ Otú ọ dị, enyere dokwuo anya ahia-offs, na-atụ aro mgbanwe iji mee nnyocha aghụghọ, na-eme ka na-eme nnyocha na-akọwa echiche ha na ibe ha na izugbe ọha.