7.2.3 Ethics nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb tsim

Ethics yuav tsiv mus nyob los ntawm ib tug peripheral kev txhawj xeeb mus rau ib tug central kev txhawj xeeb thiab thiaj li yuav los ua ib tug lub npe ntawm kev tshawb fawb.

Nyob rau hauv lub digital muaj hnub nyoog, kev ncajncees ntau tshaj tus nqi-yuav ua ib tug tseem ceeb constraint rau kev soj ntsuam. Uas yog, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb yuav tau ntoog tsawg nrog dab tsi yuav ua tau thiab ntxiv nrog rau dab tsi yuav tsum ua li cas. Raws li uas tshwm sim, kuv xav hais tias cov kev cai raws li mus kom ze ntawm kev sib raug zaum thiab lub ad-hoc mus kom ze ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zaum yuav evolve mus rau ib yam dab tsi zoo li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus raws li mus piav nyob rau hauv Tshooj 6. Kuv kuj xav hais tias raws li ethics ua ib tug ntau mas kev tshawb fawb constraint, nws yuav ua ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv ntau npaum li cas tib txoj kev uas kev soj ntsuam tam sim no dedicate rau lub sij hawm thiab lub zog mus tsim txoj kev tshiab uas pab kom pheej yig dua thiab ntau yog kev kwv yees, kuv xav hais tias peb yuav tau ua hauj lwm los tsim txoj kev uas muaj ntau ethically lub luag hauj lwm. Qhov kev hloov no yuav tshwm sim tsis yog vim hais tias kev soj ntsuam ntawm tu txog ethics raws li ib kawg, tab sis kuj vim hais tias soj ntsuam xyuas txog cov ethics raws li ib tug txhais tau tias kev sib raug zoo kev tshawb fawb.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm no qauv yog cov kev tshawb fawb on differential tus kheej (Dwork 2008) . Xav txog tej yam uas, piv txwv li, lub tsev kho mob tau ntxaws noj qab haus huv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev soj ntsuam xav kom to taub cov qauv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawd. Differentially private algorithms pab kom cov neeg mus query cov kev kho mob cov ntaub ntawv los mus kawm txog sau ua ib pawg qauv (piv txwv li, cov neeg uas haus luam yeeb muaj feem ntau yuav muaj mob cancer) thaum nrhiav txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kawm dab tsi txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tej kev ib tug neeg. Tsim cov hom ntawm kev ceev ntiag tug-khaws cia algorithms tau ua ib tug active cheeb tsam ntawm kev tshawb fawb; saib Dwork and Roth (2014) rau ib phau ntawv-ntev kev kho mob. Differential tus kheej yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb cov zej zog kev noj dlawb sib tw, xa nws mus rau hauv ib tug kev tshawb fawb, thiab ces ua kev kawm rau nws. Qhov no yog ib tug qauv hais tias kuv xav tias peb yuav nce mus saib nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm kev sib raug zoo kev tshawb fawb.

Raws li lub hwj chim ntawm kev soj ntsuam, feem ntau nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog cov tuam txhab thiab tsoom fwv, tseem kom, nws yuav ua nce nyuaj kom tsis txhob muaj txoj cai tej teeb meem. Nws tau kuv kev hais tias muaj ntau cov kev sib raug zaum thiab cov ntaub ntawv zaum saib cov koom tej teeb meem raws li ib tug hav iav yuav tsum tau zam. Tab sis, kuv xav hais tias avoidance yuav ua nce untenable raws li ib tug lub tswv yim. Peb, raws li ib tug lub zej lub zos, tsuas nyob cov teeb meem yog hais tias peb dhia nyob rau hauv thiab tsoo lawv nrog cov tswv yim thiab dag zog uas peb thov mus rau lwm cov kev tshawb fawb teeb meem.