phau
Rau kuv, qhov no phau ntawv pib nyob rau hauv 2005, thaum kuv tau ua hauj lwm rau kuv dissertation. Kuv twb khiav ib qho hauv internet xyaum ua tej yam, uas kuv yuav qhia rau koj tag nrho hais txog nyob rau hauv Tshooj 4, tab sis tam sim no kuv yuav qhia rau koj ib yam dab tsi uas yog tsis nyob rau hauv tej kev kawm ntawv. Thiab, nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas fundamentally hloov li cas kuv xav tias hais txog kev tshawb fawb. Ib thaum sawv ntxov, thaum kuv soj ntsuam cov web neeg rau zaub mov, Kuv nrhiav tau hais tias thaum hmo ntuj txog 100 cov neeg los ntawm Brazil twb koom nrog nyob rau hauv kuv xyaum ua tej yam. Qhov no muaj ib tug profound feem rau kuv. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, kuv tau cov phooj ywg uas tau khiav tsoos lab thwmsim, thiab kuv paub nyuaj npaum li cas lawv yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm kom txhij, saib xyuas, thiab them cov neeg mus koom nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev; yog hais tias lawv yuav khiav 10 cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug ib hnub, uas yog zoo kawm. Tab sis, nrog rau kuv online xyaum ua tej yam, 100 cov neeg koom thaum kuv tsaug zog. Ua koj kev tshawb fawb thaum koj tsaug zog lawm tej zaum yuav sound zoo yuav muaj tseeb, tab sis nws tsis yog. Cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv technology-yeej qhov kev hloov los ntawm lub analog muaj hnub nyoog mus rau cov muaj hnub nyoog-mean hais tias peb yuav tam sim no sau thiab txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv kev nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshiab. Phau ntawv no yog hais txog kev ua social kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov tshiab txoj kev.
Phau ntawv no yog rau ob tug sib txawv zej zog. Nws yog rau cov kev sib raug zoo zaum uas xav kom tau ntau tshaj cov ntaub ntawv science, thiab nws yog ib rau cov ntaub ntawv zaum uas xav kom tau ntau tshaj social science. Kuv siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si ntawm cov zej zog, thiab phau ntawv no yog kuv los mus coj lawv cov tswv yim ua ke nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas txhob quirks thiab jargon ntawm tog twg los. Muab lub zej zog tias phau ntawv no yog rau cov, nws yuav tsum mus tsis tau hais tias phau ntawv no tsis yog rau me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab professors. Kuv twb ua hauj lwm ib co nyob rau hauv tsoom fwv (nyob rau hauv US Census Bureau) thiab nyob rau hauv lub tech kev lag luam (ntawm Microsoft kev tshawb fawb), thiab kuv paub hais tias muaj ntau ntau exciting kev tshawb fawb tshwm sim nyob sab nraum ntawm universities. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav seb koj yuav ua li raws li kev tshawb fawb, ces phau ntawv no yog rau koj, tsis muaj teeb meem qhov twg koj ua hauj lwm los yog dab tsi zoo ntawm cov hom kev kawm koj tam sim no siv.
Peb yog tseem nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov hnub ntawm kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub digital muaj hnub nyoog, thiab kuv twb pom ib co tsis to taub hais tias yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj thiab thiaj li ntau uas nws ua rau cov feem ntau kev nkag siab rau kuv mus rau qhov lawv nyob ntawm no, nyob rau hauv phau. Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, kuv twb pom ob hom kev tsis sib haum. Tus thawj yog xav hais tias ntau cov ntaub ntawv txiav daws teeb meem. Tab sis, kev tshawb fawb uas tsis tau kuv kev. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, rau kev tshawb fawb tshiab hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, raws li txwv mus rau ntau ntawm cov tib cov ntaub ntawv, nkawd yuav feem ntau yuav pab tau. Qhov thib ob to taub yuam kev hais tias kuv twb pom los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zaum yog xav tias social science yog cia li ib Rev ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj-tham qhwv nyob ib ncig ntawm kev txiav txim siab. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, raws li ib tug kev sib raug zoo paub txog ntau yeej raws li ib tug sociologist-kuv tsis pom zoo nrog hais tias; Kuv xav hais tias social science muaj ib tug ntau ntawm kev. Ntse tus neeg tau raug ua hauj lwm to taub nyuaj heev tib neeg tus cwj pwm rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, thiab nws nkawd unwise yuav las mees lub txhab uas tau sau los ntawm no dag zog. Kuv vam tias phau ntawv no yuav muab rau koj ib co ntawm cov uas txawj ntse nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas yog ib qho yooj yim to taub.
Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kuv twb tseem pom ob hom kev tsis sib haum. Ua ntej, Kuv twb pom ib co neeg sau-off tag nrho lub tswv yim ntawm kev tshawb fawb siv cov cuab yeej ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog raws li ib tug ob peb phem cov ntaub ntawv. Yog hais tias koj nyeem phau ntawv no, koj muaj tej zaum twb nyeem ib Rev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav siv kev tawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas yog banal los yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm (los yog ob qho tib si). Kuv muaj ib yam nkaus thiab. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav yog ib tug yuam kev loj heev los xaus los ntawm cov piv txwv uas tag nrho cov muaj hnub nyoog kev tshawb fawb yog phem. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, koj twb zaum kuj nyeem ib Rev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas yog banal los yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm, tab sis koj tsis txhob sau-tawm tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb uas siv cov ntawv tshawb fawb. Uas yog vim hais tias koj paub hais tias muaj zoo kev tshawb fawb ua nrog daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no, Kuv yuav kom koj qhia koj hais tias muaj yog kuj zoo kawg thiab kev tshawb fawb ua nrog cov cuab yeej ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog.
Qhov thib ob qho to taub yuam kev hais tias kuv twb pom los ntawm kev zaum yog yuam kev tam sim no nrog rau yav tom ntej. Thaum nrug muaj feem luj kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub digital muaj hnub nyoog-cov kev tshawb fawb hais tias kuv yuav mus piav qhia txog nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no-nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus nug ob qho uas txawv cov lus nug:
- Yuav ua li cas zoo li no style ntawm kev tshawb fawb ua hauj lwm tam sim no?
- Yuav ua li cas zoo yuav no style ntawm kev tshawb fawb ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej raws li cov ntaub ntawv toj roob hauv pes hloov thiab raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm dedicate rau ntau xim rau cov teeb meem no?
Txawm tias kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev kawm los teb cov thawj lo lus nug, rau phau ntawv no, kuv xav hais tias qhov thib ob lo lus nug tseem ceeb. Uas yog, txawm tias kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub digital muaj hnub nyoog twb tsis tau ua loj heev, paradigm-hloov kev txawj ntse pab, tus nqi ntawm txoj kev txhim kho ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog kev tshawb fawb yog incredibly ceev ceev. Nws yog ib qhov nqi ntawm kev hloov, ntau tshaj qhov tam sim no theem, uas yuav ua rau cov muaj hnub nyoog tshawb fawb kom exciting rau kuv.
Txawm tias uas cov pawg lus kawg ciali mus muab koj tej zaum nyiaj txiag ntawm ib co unspecified lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kuv lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no yog tsis muag koj nyob rau tej qho hom ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Kuv ua tsis tau tus kheej tus kheej shares nyob rau hauv Twitter, Facebook, Google, Microsoft, Kua los yog lwm yam tech lub tuam txhab (tab sis, rau lub hom phiaj ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, kuv tau ua hauj lwm nyob los yog tau txais kev tshawb fawb nyiaj pab los ntawm Microsoft, Google, thiab Facebook). Yog hais tias koj zoo siab nrog rau cov kev tshawb fawb uas koj twb ua: zoo, kom ua dab tsi uas koj ua. Tab sis, yog tias koj muaj ib tug siab hais tias cov muaj hnub nyoog txhais tau tias tshiab thiab txawv tej yam uas yog ua tau, ces kuv xav kom koj qhia koj cov possibilities. Yog li, thoob plaws hauv phau ntawv kuv lub hom phiaj yog mus nyob twj ywm ib tug credible hais dabneeg, qhia rau koj txog tag nrho cov exciting tshiab khoom uas yog ua tau, thaum coj koj tam sim ntawd los ntawm ib tug ob peb tej kev cov nyom uas kuv twb pom lwm tus poob rau hauv. Kuv vam thiab cia siab tias qhov no yuav pab kom koj kev tshawb fawb thiab pab koj zoo dua soj ntsuam cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm lwm tus neeg.
Raws li koj tej zaum yuav tau pom twb, lub suab nrov ntawm phau ntawv no yog ib tug me ntsis txawv los ntawm ib co lwm yam kev kawm phau ntawv. Uas yog txhob txwm. Phau ntawv no sawv los ntawm ib tug kawm tiav seminar uas kuv tau qhia rau ntawm Princeton nyob rau hauv lub Department of Sociology, thiab kuv xav hauv phau ntawv no mus ntes ib co ntawm cov lub zog thiab excitement ntawm hais tias seminar. Nyob rau hauv kev, kuv xav hauv phau ntawv no muaj peb yam: yuav pab tau, optimistic, thiab yav tom ntej-taw qhia kom paub.
Pab Kuv Tshaj: Kuv lub hom phiaj yog los sau ib phau ntawv hais tias yog yuav pab tau rau koj. Yog li ntawd, kuv yuav mus sau nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib thiab kev style. Uas yog vim hais tias cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas kuv xav piav yog ib tug tej yam txoj kev xav txog kev tshawb fawb. Thiab, kuv kev los ntawm kev qhia yuav qhia tau tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev uas yuav piav no txoj kev xav yog ncab thiab nrog ntau ntau cov piv txwv.
Optimistic: Lub ob zej zog tias phau ntawv no raus tes-kev kws tshawb fawb thiab cov ntaub ntawv zaum muaj heev yeej sib txawv. Cov ntaub ntawv zaum no feem ntau zoo siab heev; lawv yuav saib lub iav raws li ib nrab tag nrho. Social zaum, nyob rau hauv lwm cov tes, yog feem ntau ib qho tseem ceeb; lawv yuav saib lub iav raws li ib nrab lawm. Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no, kuv yuav mus txais yuav lub optimistic suab nrov ntawm ib cov ntaub ntawv paub txog, txawm tias kuv kawm yog raws li ib tug kev sib raug zoo paub txog. Yog li ntawd, thaum kuv tuaj piv txwv, Kuv yuav qhia rau koj li cas kuv nyiam txog cov piv txwv. Thiab, thaum kuv ua taw tes kom paub cov teeb meem nrog rau cov piv txwv-thiab kuv yuav ua li no vim hais tias tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb yog zoo meej-I'm mus sim taw tes rau cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev yog zoo thiab optimistic. Kuv yuav tsis mus yuav ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua ib qho tseem ceeb. Kuv yuav mus yuav ib qho tseem ceeb uas kuv yuav pab tau koj tsim zoo nkauj tshaj kev tshawb fawb.
Yav tom ntej-taw qhia kom paub: Kuv cia siab tias phau ntawv no yuav pab tau koj ua kev tshawb fawb uas siv cov kev cov tshuab uas muaj nyob niaj hnub no thiab lub digital systems uas yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Kuv pib ua qhov no zoo ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv 2003, thiab txij thaum ntawd kuv twb pom ib tug ntau ntawm kev hloov. Kuv nco qab tias thaum kuv nyob hauv kawm tiav lub tsev kawm ntawv cov neeg twb pog hais txog kev siv MySpace rau kev tshawb fawb. Thiab, thaum kuv qhia kuv thawj hoob kawm rau dab tsi kuv ces hu ua "web-based kev tshawb fawb," cov neeg twb pog txog virtual worlds xws li SecondLife. Kuv paub tseeb tias nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej npaum li cas cov neeg no tham txog hnub no yuav zoo li dag thiab outdated. Qhov ua kom yuam mus nyob yam nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm no sai hloov yog abstraction. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog tsis yuav mus yuav ib phau ntawv uas qhia koj raws nraim li cas mus siv lub Twitter API; xwb, nws yog yuav mus yuav ib phau ntawv uas qhia koj yuav ua li cas kawm tau los ntawm cov khoom siv (Tshooj 2). Qhov no tsis yog yuav mus yuav ib phau ntawv uas muab rau koj step-by-step cov lus qhia rau khiav thwmsim rau Amazon Neeg kho tshuab Turk; xwb, nws yog yuav qhia rau koj yuav ua li cas los tsim thiab txhais thwmsim uas cia siab rau cov muaj hnub nyoog infrastructure (Chapter 4). Los ntawm kev siv ntawm abstraction, kuv vam tias qhov no yuav yog ib lub timeless phau ntawv rau ib tug raws sij hawm lub ntsiab lus.
Kuv xav tias qhov no yog lub feem ntau exciting lub sij hawm puas tau mus yuav ib tug kev sib raug zoo soj ntsuam, thiab kuv yuav mus sim pab qhia uas siab nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas yog leej. Uas yog, nws yog lub sij hawm yuav tawm mus tshaj vague generalities txog tej yam yees siv powers ntawm ntaub ntawv tshiab. Nws yog lub sij hawm kom tau meej.
