6.2.3 Encore

Soj ntsuam los tib neeg lub computers mus nyiag sim mus xyuas cov websites uas twb xav tias yuav tsum tau sim los ntawm cov repressive tsoom fwv.

Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 2014, soj ntsuam launched Encore, ib tug system muab real-lub sij hawm thiab lub ntiaj teb no ntsuam ntawm Internet censorship. Yuav kom to taub li cas nws ua hauj lwm, cia xav hais tias txog nws nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm koj tus kheej webpage (Yog hais tias koj tsis muaj ib tug, koj yuav xav txog tej yam koj tus phooj ywg). Ib txoj kev uas yuav tau xav txog koj webpage yog raws li ib tug computer program sau nyob rau hauv lub html lus. Thaum ib tug neeg mus ntsib koj lub website, nws computer downloads koj html kev pab cuam thiab ces renders nws rau ntawm nws lub screen. Yog li, koj webpage yog ib tug pab cuam uas yog tau ntxias lwm tus neeg lub computers los ua raws li tej yam poob lawm ntawm cov lus qhia. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg tshawb fawb, Sam Burnett thiab Nick Feamster, uas nyob rau Georgia Tech, txhawb website tswv rau nruab ib tug me me code snippit rau hauv lawv webpages:

 <iframe  src= "//encore.noise.gatech.edu/task.html"  width= "0"  height= "0"  style= "display: none" ></iframe> 

Yog hais tias koj mus ntsib ib tug webpage nrog no code snippit nyob rau hauv nws, ntawm no yog dab tsi yuav tshwm sim. Thaum koj web browser twb rending lub webpage, tus code snippit yuav ua rau koj computer mus sim hu ib lub website uas tus neeg tshawb fawb tau saib xyuas. Piv txwv li, nws yuav yog tus website ntawm ib tug txwv nom tswv tog los yog tsim txom kev cai dab qhuas pab pawg neeg. Ces, koj lub computer yuav qhia rov qab mus rau lub soj ntsuam txog seb nws muaj peev xwm hu rau tus muaj feem sim website (Daim duab 6.2). Ntxiv mus, tag nrho cov ntawm no yuav pom tsis tau koj tsuas yog lawv soj ntsuam cov html qhov chaw ua ntaub ntawv thov ntawm koj webpage. Xws pom peb-tog page thov yog ua tau heev rau lub web (Narayanan and Zevenbergen 2015) , tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj koom nrog qhia tau meej heev npaj siab los ntsuas censorship.

Daim duab 6.2: Schematic ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tsim ntawm Encore. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb website xa rau koj ib tug webpage sau nyob rau hauv html nrog ib tug me me code snippet kos nyob rau hauv nws (kauj ruam 1). Koj lub computer renders webpage, uas ua cov kev ntsuas neeg ua hauj lwm (kauj ruam 2). Koj lub computer attempts mus saib tau ib qho kev ntsuas lub hom phiaj, uas yuav yog cov website ntawm ib tug txwv nom tswv pab pawg neeg (kauj ruam 3). Ib tug censor, xws li ib tug tsoom fwv, tej zaum yuav ces thaiv koj nkag tau mus rau qhov ntsuas lub hom phiaj (kauj ruam 4). Thaum kawg, koj lub computer ceeb toom txog cov kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev thov no mus rau lub soj ntsuam (tsis qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab). Daim duab los ntawm Burnett and Feamster (2015) .

Qhov no mus kom ze muaj ib co txaus nyiam heev kev thaj chaw rau ntsuas censorship. Yog hais tias txaus websites ntxiv no code snippit, ces tus soj ntsuam yuav muaj ib tug tiag tiag-lub sij hawm, lub ntiaj teb no-scale ntsuas uas websites yog censored los ntawm cov uas lub teb chaws. Ua ntej launching peb tes num, tus neeg tshawb fawb conferred nrog lub IRB ntawm Georgia Tech, thiab cov IRB tsis yeem mus saib peb tes num vim hais tias nws tsis yog "tib neeg kawm kev tshawb fawb" nyob rau hauv lub Common txoj cai (lub Common Rule yog lub teeb ntawm kev cai tswj feem ntau ntawm tsoom fwv pab nyiaj kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub US; yog xav paub ntxiv, mus saib lub keeb kwm Lus Qhia ntxiv nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm tshooj no).

Tsis ntev tom qab Encore twb launched, txawm li cas los, tus neeg tshawb fawb tau hu los ntawm Ben Zevenbergen, ces ib tug kawm tiav me nyuam kawm ntawv, leej twg tsa ceg lus nug txog cov ethics ntawm peb tes num. Nyob rau hauv kev, muaj ib tug kev txhawj xeeb hais tias cov neeg nyob rau hauv tej lub teb chaws yuav tsum tau raug mus raug yog hais tias lawv computer sim mus xyuas tej yam sensitive websites, thiab cov neeg uas raug raug kev uas yuav tsis tso cai rau koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Raws li cov kev sib tham, lub Encore pab hloov lub project los tsuas sim los ntsuas tus censorship ntawm Facebook, Twitter, thiab YouTube vim hais tias peb-tog npaj siab mus saib tau ntawm cov chaw no yog heev thaum ib txwm web browsing (xws li, txhua txhua webpage nrog ib tug Facebook Zoo li Button ua ib tug thib peb-tog thov kom Facebook).

Tom qab sau cov ntaub ntawv siv no hloov tsim, ib daim ntawv piav txog tus vib this los thiab ib co tau ntawd xa mus SIGCOMM, ib tug prestigious computer science lub rooj sib tham. Qhov kev pab cuam pawg neeg menyuam cov kev pab ntawm daim ntawv, tab sis qhia kev txhawj xeeb txog cov tsis muaj kev tso cai los ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom. Thaum kawg, qhov kev pab cuam pawg neeg txiav txim siab mus rau luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv, tab sis nrog ib tug kos npe rau daim ntawv hais txog kev raug cai kev txhawj xeeb (Burnett and Feamster 2015) . Xws li ib tug kos npe rau daim ntawv twb tsis tau muab siv ua ntej ntawm SIGCOMM, thiab cov ntaub ntawv no tau coj mus rau ntxiv sib cav tswv yim los ntawm lub computer zaum txog qhov xwm ntawm ethics nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb (Narayanan and Zevenbergen 2015) .