6.4 Plaub hauv paus ntsiab lus

Plaub ntsiab lus uas yuav coj kev soj ntsuam txojkev zoo uncertainty yog: Hwm rau Cov Neeg, beneficence, kev ncaj ncees, thiab Respect rau txoj cai lij choj thiab pej xeem paj.

Lub koom kev sib tw uas soj ntsuam fim nyob rau hauv lub digital muaj hnub nyoog yog dog dig txawv dua li cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm. Txawm li cas los, soj ntsuam ntawm muaj peev xwm nyob rau cov kev sib tw los ntawm lub tsev nyob rau ua ntej lawm zoo xav. Nyob rau hauv kev, Kuv ntseeg hais tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus qhia nyob rau hauv ob cov ntawv qhia-Lub Belmont Daim ntawv qhia txog (Belmont Report 1979) thiab cov Menlo Daim ntawv qhia txog (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) -can pab soj ntsuam yog vim li cas hais txog qhov kev zoo thiab txoj kev sib tw hais tias lawv lub ntsej muag. Raws li kuv piav nyob rau hauv ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm Lus Qhia Ntxiv, ob qho tib si ntawm cov lus ceeb toom yog cov kev tshwm sim ntawm multi-xyoo deliberations los ntawm panels ntawm cov kws txawj uas muaj ntau yam txuj rau cov tswv yim los ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov neeg muaj feem.

Ua ntej, nyob rau hauv 1974, nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau koom failures los ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm, xws li cov hais tsis zoo Tuskegee Syphilis Txoj kev tshawb no (saib Keeb kwm Lus Qhia Ntxiv), cov US Congress tsim ib lub teb chaws commission sau koom cov txheej txheem rau cov kev tshawb fawb uas muaj tib neeg kawm. Tom qab plaub lub xyoos ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm lub Belmont Rooj Sab Laj, cov pab pawg neeg uas ua rau cov Belmont Report, ib tug slender tab sis haib daim ntawv. Lub Belmont Daim ntawv qhia txog yog kev txawj ntse hauv paus rau lub Common Rule, lub teeb ntawm kev cai tswj tib neeg kawm kev tshawb fawb uas Institutional Review Cam (IRBs) yog tasked nrog tswj (Porter and Koski 2008) .

Ces, nyob rau hauv 2010, nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau qhov kev zoo failures ntawm computer kev ruaj ntseg soj ntsuam thiab cov teeb meem uas tso npe thov cov tswv yim nyob rau hauv lub Belmont Daim ntawv qhia txog rau cov muaj hnub nyoog kev tshawb fawb, tus US Government-yeej lub Department of Homeland Security-tsim ib tug xiav-ribbon commission sau ib tug coj zoo moj khaum rau kev tshawb fawb uas muaj ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib txuas lus yees (ICT). Cov qhabnias ntawm no dag zog yog tus Menlo Daim ntawv qhia txog (Dittrich, Kenneally, and others 2011) .

Ua ke lub Belmont Daim ntawv qhia txog thiab lub Menlo Daim ntawv qhia txog muaj kev plaub ntsiab lus uas yuav coj zoo deliberations los ntawm kev soj ntsuam: Hwm rau Cov Neeg, beneficence, kev ncaj ncees, thiab Respect rau txoj cai lij choj thiab pej xeem paj. Thov cov plaub hauv paus ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv kev xyaum yog tsis ib txwm straightforward, thiab nws muaj peev xwm yuav tsum tau nyuaj balancing. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, txawm li cas los, pab qhia ntxiv trade-offs, hais hloov los tshawb fawb designs, thiab pab kom soj ntsuam los mus piav qhia lawv cov kev xav rau txhua lwm yam thiab cov pej xeem.