2.3.1.2 mau-ma
Mau-ma nui ikepili mau hiʻohiʻona nō ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o unexpected hanana a me maoli-manawa ana.
Nui nui ikepili nenoai he mau-ma; lakou i ua mau kaʻohiʻana aeaiiuo. I keia mau-ma ano hoʻolako noiʻi me longitudinal ikepili ( 'o ia hoʻi,' ikepili ma luna o ka manawa). He mau-ma i elua nui implications no ka noiʻi.
Mua, mau-ma aeaiiuo ohi mau hiʻohiʻona nō noiʻi e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina unexpected hanana ma ka aoao a pau, aole hiki mua. No ka mea, laʻana, noiʻi hoihoi i ke aʻo E kuai oukou Gezi kue i loko o Tureke, ma ke kauwela o 2013 e nō kāu kālele ana ma luna o ka hana o na protesters i ka heihei like. Ceren Budak a me Honolulu Watts (2015) ua hiki ke hana hou ia lakou ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka mau-ma' ano o ka Twitter e noiʻi i Twitter-ka hoʻohana 'ana protesters mua, oiai, a ma hope o ka hoʻok & ucirckû. A, ua hiki aku la lakou e hana i ka hoʻohālike hui o non-i komo (ai ole i komo ka poe i ole Tweet e pili ana i ka palapala) ma mua, oiai, a mahope iho o ka hanana (Kii 2.1). O ka huinanui o ko lakou Aqua-kia panel komo i na Tweets o 30,000 poʻe kānaka ma luna o elua makahiki. Ma augmenting i nā ikepili olelo hoʻohana mai ka poe kue i keia kekahi 'ike, ua hiki ke aʻo nui aku Budak a me Watts, ua hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ano o na kanaka, he oi aku ka ao ao e komo i loko o ka Gezi kue, a me ke hoʻomaopopoʻia ka hoololi ana i kino i ka o i komo a non-i komo, nā mea i loko o ka wa pokole-manawa (kapakai a mālama '-Gezi i ka wā Gezi) a me ka loihi-manawa (kapakai a mālama'-Gezi e Mail-Gezi).
Kii 2.1: Design hoʻohanaʻia Budak and Watts (2015) e noiʻi i nā E kuai oukou Gezi kue i loko o Tureke, ma ke kauwela o ka 2013. Ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka mau-ma' ano o Twitter, ka noiʻi hana i ka mea a lakou i kapa aku he oiai ma-kia panel i komo mai ana 30,000 poʻe kānaka ma luna o elua makahiki. Akä naÿe ka KOLOHE study i hoʻomōhala i komo iloko o ka palapala kue, ke mamuli o-kia panel kō 1) 'ikepili mai i komo mua, a ma hope o ka hoʻok & ucirckû, a me 2)ʻikepili ka politika, i komo ma mua, oiai, a ma hope o ka hoʻok & ucirckû. Keia waiwai ole ikepili 'ole hoʻohana' Budak, a me Watts, e kiÿeleo i keia ano o na kanaka, he oi aku ka ao ao e komo i loko o ka Gezi kue, a me ke hoʻomaopopoʻia ka hoololi ana i kino i ka o aku i komo, a non-i komo, nā mea i loko o ka wa pokole-manawa (kapakai a mālama '-Gezi i iloko o Gezi) a me ka loihi-manawa (kapakai a mālama '-Gezi e Mail-Gezi).
He mea oiaio i kekahi o keia mau koho e hiki iaʻu ke hana ole ia mau-ma aeaiiuo ohi kumu (e like me, ka lōʻihi o-manawa koho o ke heluia, e loli), eia nae ua ike ohi i 30,000 kanaka ina ua poino loa pipiʻi. A, i hāʻawi i kona palena Bedroom, aole e hiki iaʻu manaʻo o kekahi iaoia meaʻano nui e leie noiʻi e hele hou i ka manawa, a me ka pololei malama i komo 'ana i loko o ka hala. Ka hoʻopuniʻana kekahi papa hana e lilo ai e ohi i ia kekahi lono o ka lakou hana ana, aka, i keia mau hoike e no i kaupalena 'granularity a me questionable pololei. Oaaeeoea 2.1 i nā na examples o ka haʻawina, he mau-ma aeaiiuo kumu e noiʻi i ka unexpected hanana e ho ohana.
| Unexpected hanana | Mau-ma aeaiiuo kumu | mau kuhikuhina |
|---|---|---|
| Noho Gezi ana ma Tureke | Budak and Watts (2015) | |
| Umbrella kue ma Hong Kong | Zhang (2016) | |
| Kī o ka makai ma New York City | Hooki-a-frisk hoike | Legewie (2016) |
| Person hui ISIS | Magdy, Darwish, and Weber (2016) | |
| September 11, 2001 hoouka | livejournal.com | Cohn, Mehl, and Pennebaker (2004) |
| September 11, 2001 hoouka | pager memo | Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) , Pury (2011) , Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2011) |
Lua, mau-ma aeaiiuo ohi mau hiʻohiʻona nō noiʻi e paka maoli-manawa ana, ka mea e hiki ai e nui ma ka napoo ana no hoi pilikino E pili'ē aʻe makemake kahi e, aole wale aʻo mai na hana, aka, ua pane mai ai ia mea. No ka mea, laʻana, nohona Media aeaiiuo hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia e kuhikuhi pane i maoli na ino (Castillo 2016) .
Ma ka hopena, mau-maʻikepili nenoai e hō'ā i ka noiʻi e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina unexpected hanana a me ka hoʻolako maoli-manawa 'ike i ka kulekele hana akua. Au i, nae, hāpai hou 'ia ka mea mau, maʻikepili nenoai e hō'ā i ka noiʻi e Track loli luna manawa loihi o ka manawa. Ka mea, no ka mea, ua mau na nui ikepili nenoai hoʻololi-a kaʻina kapa 'Aeʻa (Pauku 2.3.2.4).
