2.3.2.5 Algorithmically hoʻohilahilaʻia

Hana i loaa aeaiiuo, aole ia maoli, ka mea i kipakuʻia ka hana 'enekinia, pahu hopu o na nenoai.

ʻOiai He nui i loaa ikepili kumu, ua ole-reactive no ka mea, ua i kaʻike i nā kānaka i ko lākouʻikepili (Pauku 2.3.1.3), noiʻi e noonoo hana iloko o keia mau online, nenoai e e "maoli ai ike" a ua i palapala ia. "Maemae." I aku o ka lanakila, i ka kikohoʻe nenoai i moolelo hana i mahalo 'enekinia, e induce kekahi hana kūpono e like me ke kaomi' ana hoʻolaha pāʻoihana a me memo maʻiʻo. O na aoao a pau i ka pahu hopu o ka'ōnaehana poʻe akamai ke mai i kumu hoohalike iloko oʻikepili ua kapaia algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi. Algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi, kŘpa a ike ole i ka lawelaweʻepekema, aka, he mea, he kumu nui, ae hoʻomaopopoʻia i waena o akahele ikepiliʻepekema. A, e like kekahi o ka poe na pilikia a me kikohoʻe ko läkou ', algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi, ua pili kēia invisible.

A kŘpa na mea mamuli o algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi, oia ka mea a maluna o Facebook ma laila, he anomalously kiekie helu o na mea hoʻohana me ka hola 20 hoaaloha (Ugander et al. 2011) . Epekema ke kālailai me keia 'ike me kekahi ike o ka Facebook hana hiki doubtlessly paha he nui nā moʻolelo e pili ana i ka 20 o kekahi ano o ke kilokilo nohona helu. Eia naʻe, Ugander, a me kona mau nā hoapili he lula hoomaopopo ana o ke kaʻina hana ka mea ua loaʻa i nā ikepili, a me ka lakou i ike ia Facebook paipai poe kanaka me ka uuku pili 'o Randy ma Facebook e hana hou makamaka ka hiki ana i 20 mau hoaaloha. ʻOiai Ugander a me nā hoapili aole au ei aku i keia ma ka pepa, i keia kulekele ua presumably hanaia e Facebook i mea e paipai hou i nā mea hoʻohana i lilo lakou i poe hana. Me ka ike e pili ana i ke ola ana o keia kulekele, nae, he mea paakiki ole e kikoo aku i ka hewa hopena, mai ka ikepili. Ma kekahi olelo, i ka surprisingly kiʻekiʻe helu o na kanaka, me he 20 hoaaloha'ōlelo mai ia makou e pili ana Facebook mamua kanaka 'ana.

More pernicious mamua o keia hana mua kahi algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi i kekahi quirky muli o ke akahele noiʻi e noiʻi ana hou, aia no he ahiahi trickier kēia o algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi ka mea ia lŘlŘ ka wa poʻe akamai a pau o online, nenoai, ua ike ia e ka lawelawe theories, a laila, pūlehu i keia mau theories iloko o ka hana o ko lakou mau nenoai. Socialʻepekema kapa i kēia performativity: i ka wa theories hoʻololi i ke ao nei i loko o ia o ka aoao a lakou i lawe mai i ke ao hou i laina me ke kumumanaʻo. Ma ka hihia o performative algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi, keʻia auaneʻi ano o ka 'ike' ia paha invisible.

Kekahi laʻana o ka kumu i hana ma ka performativity he transitivity ma online, lawelawe latike. I ka 1970s 1980s a me na, noiʻi pinepine ae la oia i ike ai, ina oe he hoaaloha pu me Alice a oukou i poe hoaaloha me Bob, alaila, Bob, a me Alice ua oi aku e kiʻi mai ia e hoaikane me kekahi i kekahi mamua o elua randomly wae kanaka. A, ua loaa keia mea hookahi kumu i loko o ka nohona pakuhi ma Facebook (Ugander et al. 2011) . Pela, kekahi ke manao nei makou kumu hoohalike o ke aloha ma Facebook replicate kumu hoohalike o kahi waiho noho alohaʻana, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, ma o ka olelo transitivity. Akā naʻe, i ka nui o ka transitivity i loko o ka Facebook nohona pakuhi, ua hapa 'ia' puhiia e algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi. Ka mea, ikepiliʻepekema ma Facebook ike o ka empirical a me ka theoretical noiʻi e pili ana i transitivity, a laila, hana ihola ia i loko o ka Facebook hana. Facebook he "People i ike" hiʻona e paipai hou makamaka kekahi aoao o Facebook hoʻoholo i ka paipai aku ia oukou, he transitivity, a. Oia hoi, Facebook ua oi aku paha, e paipai ana ia oukou i mau hoaaloha pu me na makamaka o ko oukou mau hoaaloha. Keia hiʻona pela i ke kanawai o ka hoʻoulu transitivity i loko o ka Facebook nohona pakuhi; iloko o na olelo, i ka kumumanaʻo o ka transitivity kai ke ao nei i loko o laina me ka wānana o ka kumumanaʻo (Healy 2015) . Pela, i ka wa nui ikepili kumu akaka e paʻi wānana o ka lawelawe kumumanaʻo, kakou e ike no ia i ka kumumanaʻo ia iho, aole kālua i loko o ka ka nenoaiu hana.

Ma kahi o ka manao o ka nui ikepili kumu e like me ka malama ana i kanaka iloko o ka maoli 'okoʻa, he oi akamai hoi metaphor ka mea, ua nānā nā kānaka i loko o ka Hale Piliwaiwai. Casinos ua nui ka hana 'enekinia hana kūpono ke hoʻololi i induce kekahi mau hana, a me ka noiʻi e loa nui i ka hana i loko o ka Hale Piliwaiwai e hoʻolako i ka unfettered puka makani i loko o kanaka' ana. O ka holo ana, ia makou ke aʻo i kekahi mea e pili ana i ke kanaka kolohe këia kanaka ma casinos, ma ka mea o ka Hale Piliwaiwai ke lilo i mea maikaʻi 'okoʻa no ka pilina ma waena o ka waiʻona hokii, a me ka pilikia këia mau koho, aka, ina kakou AOON i ka' ikepili i ua hanaia ia ma ka Hale Piliwaiwai kakou ikaika kikoo aku i kekahi ino hopena.

Eia naʻe, Hana me ka algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi, ua maopopo paʻakikī no ka mea, he nuiʻano a pau i online, nenoai, ua proprietary, poorly o nä waihona palapala, a mau hoololi ana. No ka mea, laʻana, e like me kaʻu e wehewehe hope i loko o kēia mokuna, algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi he mea hiki hoakaka o ka holo anaʻe-iho o Google Flu mea kū i (Pauku 2.4.2), aka, ua paakiki keia kuleana e Loiloi i, no ka mea pā hana ana o Google ka huli algorithm ua proprietary. Ka hōʻeuʻeu ano o algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi, he hookahi ano o ka nenoaiu 'Aeʻa. Algorithmic hoopalaimaka hoi o ia hoʻi, ia kakou e makaala lakou i kekahi koi ana i ka pono 'ana e hele mai ana, mai ka hookahi mīkini nenoaiu, aole mea i nui.