5.3.3 nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui

Kūkā-i-iaoaioa mea, he hamama kahea e kōkua iaoaioa e loiloi loaa ma mua o ke akamai hoi; ka mea hōʻike e hamama kāhea aku a ke hiki ke hoohana ia no ka oi aku i ka olelo wanana pilikia mamua.

Iaoaioa e loiloi i ka paakiki oihana. Lakou i loaa terse, lawyerly i nā hou hana, a laila, e hooholo, ina o ka olelo hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, he "puke." Oia hoi, o ka loiloi e hooholo ina he "ma mua o oe" -a mua i ho'ākāka 'ia kēia o keia hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, ka mea e hoike i ka i manaoia iaoaioa kūpono. E maopopo pehea kēia kaʻina hana, e ka noonoo i ka iaoaioa e loiloi, o Albert, ma ka hanohano o Albert Einstein i loaʻa i kona hoʻomaka 'i loko o ka Hawaiian Sila Nui Office. Albert ke loaa ka palapala noi e like me US Palapala Sila Nui 20070118658 waiho ma Hewlett Packard no ka "hoʻohana-selectable hooponoponoʻeleu kūmole" a ua hoakakaia nui ma Betela Noveck ka puke Wiki Aupuni (2009) . Eia ka mua koi mai o ke noi.

"A kamepiula nenoaiu, ec, he unu lawelawe. ke kumu o hoʻokomo o / auaiaea System (Bio) a me ke kūpili olelo ana, i ka wa a ke unu lawelawe, hoʻonohonoho i ka unu lawelawe i: hoʻomaka i ka mana ma luna iho ho'āʻo (Post) aaioee ma ke kumu o hoʻokomo o / ia auoiaea nenoaiu o ka Me mea; hou'ōnaehanaʻeleu kūmole ma ka nānaina mea hoʻohana makana hookahi paha; loaa i koho neaiae ka hoʻohana mau 'nä kekahi o ka hooponopono anaʻeleu kūmole hōʻike ma o ka hoʻohana mau'; ae hoʻonohonoho i ka mea hui i ka Me nenoaiu a me ka hōʻike 'hooponoponoʻeleu format. "

E Albert ia nā kumu kāki 20 makahiki monopoly kuleana i keia iaoaioa ai i laila i mua o oe? Na mau mākia, ma na mea he nui iaoaioa olelo hooholo, ua kiʻekiʻe, akā naʻe, Albert, e loaa ia ia e hana i keia olelo hooholo me ka nui o ka 'ike e hiki ia ia ke pono. No ka mea, o ka mea nui backlog o na Sila Nui, Albert, ua hana malalo, pili paÿa manawa, a e hana i kona koho maikaʻi ma wale 20 hora o ka hana. Eia, no ka mea, o ka mea pono, e malama i ka hana i hāpai hana mea hou i hana muaʻole huna, Albert, 'aʻole' ae 'ia kukakuka pu me ka poe akamai i waho (Noveck 2006) .

Keia kulana hahau kanawai Kumu o Noveck e like me ka loa i uhaiia. In Iulai 2005, lana ma ka aoao ma Wikipedia, ua hana mai ia i moʻomanaʻo pou ma hope mai "hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui, kekahi uku Paipai" i hea aku i ka hamama nā hoa-manual nenoaiu no na Sila Nui. Ma hope o neʻepapa hoʻi, me ka US Palapala Sila Nui, a ua hoʻokuleana 'Office, a alakai loea poe e like me IBM, nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui, ua ee i loko o Iune o 2007. He aneane 200 makahiki kahiko hui bureaucracy, a me ka hui o na loio mea e like me ka olelo lealea wahi, e nana aku i ka HOU , aka, nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui i ka hula 'oihana o ka balancing pau ka uku hoopanee.

Kii 5,9: kūkā-i-iaoaioa workflow. Source: Bestor and Hamp (2010) .

Eia ka mea hana (Kii 5.9). Ma hope o ka inventor e like ai i kona noi hele aku ma waena o nā wiki (hou ma luna o ke aha la ia ia ke hana i ka mea iloko o ka minute), ke noi ua like no ka punaewele. A malaila, ke noi ua kamaʻilio nuiʻia e loiloi ke kaiāulu (hou, oi aku maluna o ke aha la ia lakou ke komo iloko o ka manawa) a me examples o ka hiki mua o oe e noho ai, annotated, a Uploaded i ka punaewele. Keia kaʻina o ke kūkākūkā, ka noiʻi, a me ka Uploaded mau, a hiki, ultimately, ke kaiāulu no ka loiloi balota, e koho i ka piko 10 apana o kēia mamua oe i ka poe a laila hoʻouna akula ia i ka iaoaioa e loiloi no ka nāʻana. Ka iaoaioa e loiloi, alaila, e lawelawe ai i kona mau noiʻi, a me ka hoʻohui pū 'ia me ka manaʻo kōkua o nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui e haawi aku i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana.

Hoi hou i US Sila Nui 20070118658 no ka "hoʻohana-selectable hooponoponoʻeleu format." O keia iaoaioa ua Uploaded e peertopatent.org ma June 2007 kahi Ua heluhelu ia mea e Steve Pearson, he papa kiʻekiʻe lako polokalamu engineer no ka mea, IBM. Pearson, ua kama'āina i kēia wahi o ka noiʻi, a hōʻike 'ia i kekahi'āpana o ka mua oe, he Manual mai Intel me ke kuleana "ʻeleu Management Technology: ka poe ola, Reference Aʻo" i paʻiʻia elua makahiki mua aku. Kahikoia me keia palapala, e like me kekahi ma mua o oe, a me ka kūkā, mai ka hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui kaiāulu, hoomaka ae la kekahi iaoaioa e loiloi i ka hoʻokolokolo pono loiloi 'ia o ka hihia, a ultimately kiloi aku la i ka iaoaioa noi, ma ka hapa no ka mea, o ka mea e manual Intel i ua aia e Pearson (Noveck 2009) . O ka 66 hihia a pau, ua pau nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui, kokoke 30%, ua hooleia kuhikuhi nānā 'ana i mua o ua ikeia kou ma nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui (Bestor and Hamp 2010) .

He aha mea i ka manao o ka hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui oi leo hone o ke ala i ka mea loaʻa poe kanaka me na mea he nui conflicting pono i na mea a pau ka hula a pau. Inventors he incentive e komo i loko o kēia wehe iaoaioa wiki, no ka mea iaoaioa oihana nānā i ka hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui noi hou koke aku mamua o Sila Nui hele ana ma ke kahiko, malu manual kaʻina. Loiloi i incentive e komo ai i mea e pale aku i ka hāʻawiʻiaʻana o "junk Sila Nui," a me ka nui makemake e huli i ke kaʻina ka puaʻa. Eia ke oki, i ka iaoaioa oihana, a me iaoaioa e loiloi i incentive e komo no ka mea, e hiki wale i ko lakou mau hualoaʻa maikai. Ka mea, ina o ke kaiāulu wiki kaʻina loaa 10ʻino apana ma mua o oe, i keia hana hiki e AOON ma ka iaoaioa e loiloi. Ma kekahi olelo, nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui, a me ka iaoaioa e loiloi hana pu e, e like me ka maikai mamua o ka iaoaioa e loiloi hana ma ka isolation paha. Pela, hamama kelepona mai e mau loa ana e puku i mākaukau. kekahi manawa lākou kōkua mau loea, hana i ko lakou mau hana maikai.

ʻOiai Nā hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui i mea okoa ma mua o ka Netflix uku, a me Foldit, he ua, he like 'ole ma ka pāʻoihana he pono o ka nānā mamua paha. Koke ka mea produces ka make manual "ʻeleu Management Technology: ka poe ola, Reference Aʻo" ia, kŘpa a oluolu, no ka mea, he iaoaioa e loiloi, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, e hōʻoia i kēia palapala, ua koho mua no oe. Eia naʻe, loaa ia makou ka mea e manual Ua paʻakikī. Hoa-i-Palapala Sila Nui no hoi hōʻike ka mea, e hiki hamama kāhea papahana a hiki i kēia lā i mea oleʻae nō hoʻi amenable i ka quantification.