1.1 An inika paumāʻele a

I ke kauwela o 2009, Mobile kaul ua ringing ma Rwanda a pau. Eia hou, na miliona o na kelepona mai ma waena o ka 'ohana, nā hoaaloha, a me na hana hoa no, ma kahi o 1,000 Rwandans loaa i kahea mai Iosua Blumenstock, a me kona mau nā hoapili. I ka noiʻi i këia waiwai a me ka ilihune ma ka mālama nei i ka ana o ka poe kanaka, ka poe i randomly Eia kekahi laʻana mai kekahi hōkeoʻikepili mai o 1.5 miliona nā mea kūʻai mai mai Rwanda ka nui Kelepona Paʻi pūnaewele. Blumenstock a me nā hoapili ninau i ka i komo, ina lakou makemake e komo i loko o ke ana, wehewehe i ke ano o ka noiʻi iā lākou, a laila, ninau aku la i ka moʻo o na ninau e pili ana i ko lakou HI, ka nohona, a me ka-yeiiiie? Ano.

Na mea a pau, ua olelo aku la au a hiki i keia manawa i keia leo e like me he kahiko nohona nauka anamanaʻo. Aka, heaha ka hele aʻe,ʻaʻole ku una, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, aole nae. Lakou i hoʻohana i ke anamanaʻo 'ike lńkou i ka mīkini aʻo ÷ e kilokilo ka mea waiwai, mai ko lākou kāhea aeaiiua, a laila lākou i hoʻohana keia ho ke hoʻomaopopoʻia ka waiwai o na mea a pau 1.5 miliona nā mea kūʻai mai. Aʻe, aayoaeuiinoe la lakou i ka wahi o ka noho ana o na mea a pau 1.5 miliona nā mea kūʻai mai ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka io Geographic Information i loko iho iloko o ke kapa pauku. Kau aku la i keia mau koho a pau-ka aayoaeuiinoe waiwai, a me ka aayoaeuiinoe kahi o ka noho-Blumenstock, ua hiki ke paka kiʻekiʻe-hoʻonā koho o ka Geographic hoi o ka makana o ka waiwai ma Rwanda a me nā hoapili. Ma kekahi, ia lakou i hiki paka i aayoaeuiinoe waiwai, no kela a me keia o ko Rwanda ka 2.148 keena, ka mea uuku hoʻomalu ka mokuna ma ka aina.

Ka mea, he mea hiki ole e hōʻoiaʻia i keia mau koho no ka loa hua mai, aohe mea i koho no ka uuku Geographic wahi ma Rwanda. Aka, i ka wa Blumenstock a me nā hoapili aggregated i ko lakou koho ana i Rwanda ka 30 Apana, ike aku la lakou i ko lakou mau koho ua like no koho mai ke HI, a me Health Survey, i ka hae gula o ana i ka ulu'āina. Oiai keia mau hoʻokokoke mai elua hua like koho ma keia hihia, ke kokoke loa i kahi o Blumenstock, a me nā hoapili he aneane 10 mau manawa wikiwiki a me 50 mau manawa cheaper ma mua o ka hula HI a me ka Health ana. Mau dramatically Aku a malalo o na lilo koho e hana hou nā papaha no ka noiʻi, aupuni, a me ka poʻe (Blumenstock, Cadamuro, and On 2015) .

A iâ lâkou e ulu hou methodology, i keia ao, uaʻano like me ka Rorschach inkblot ho'āʻo; i ka mea a na kanaka i ike ai hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ko lākou mau kaʻao. He nui ka nohonaʻepekema ike i ka hou ana hoʻopololei i hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia e hoao theories e pili ana aneiai? Acaeoey. Nui ikepiliʻepekema ike i kekahi me hou mīkini aʻo pilikia. He nui nā pāʻoihana kanaka ike i ke kokoke loa i kahi ikaika no ka wehe 'waiwai i loko o ka mīkini kumumea ikepili a lakou i ohi ia. Nui pilikino Uwao ike i ka Haʻawe hoʻomanaʻo ia ia kakou noho ana ma ka manawa o ka nuipa a hoʻomakākiu. Nui pili'ē aʻe ike i ke ala e houʻenehana ke kōkua hana i kekahi ao maikai. I mea, o keia ao, o na mea a pau o ia mau mea a pau, a oia ke kumu ia, he puka i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka lawelawe noiʻi.