6.2.3 Encore

Noiʻi i nā kānaka ke kamepiula 'ē aʻe e malu nui i ka ike i punaewele mea i manao ai e wahi e na repressive aupuni.

In March 2014, noiʻi a hemo Encore, he ano e hoʻolako maoli-manawa, a me ka honua ana o ka Internet censorship. E maopopo i ka mea hana, e ka noʻonoʻo a puni ia mea i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ko oukou kino webpage (inā 'aʻole' oe i kekahi, e hiki i noonoo ai i ko oukou hoalauna, a). ala hanakimi e manao e pili ana i ko oukou webpage, ua like me he kamepiula polokalamu i kākauʻia i loko o ka mana html olelo. I ka wa i hoʻohana kipa 'oukou punaewele, i kona kamepiula Downloads ko oukou papahana mana html, a laila, e haawi aku ia mea ma luna o kona pale. Pela, kou webpage he papahana i ka mea hiki ke induce kekahi kanaka ke kamepiula 'ē aʻe e hahai aku i kekahi e puhi ia o na olelo. No laila,ʻo ka noiʻi, Sam Burnett a me Nick Feamster, e noho ana ma Georgiaʻenehana, paipai punaewele mea e onoaiiaea i ka uuku kivila snippit i loko o ko lākou mau webpages:

 <iframe  src= "//encore.noise.gatech.edu/task.html"  width= "0"  height= "0"  style= "display: none" ></iframe> 

Ina oe e ike i ka webpage me keia karaima snippit i loko o ia mea, maanei ka mea e hiki mai ana. Oiai kāu polokalamu kele pūnaewele, ua haehae ke webpage, ke kivila snippit iho au i ko oukou kamepiula e ho'āʻo i ka leka uila i ka punaewele i ka noiʻi i ka mālamaʻana. No ka mea, laʻana, ka mea hiki ole ke kapaia ka punaewele o ka banned pili aupuni aoao, a hoomaau haipule hui. A laila, kāu kamepiula e hōʻike hoʻi i ka noiʻi e pili ana paha ia mea, ua hiki ke leka uila i ke potentially wahi punaewele (Kii 6.2). Eia, e pau no keia e invisible ia oukou, ke ole lakou kulana kupono i ka mana html kumu waihona o ko oukou webpage. Ia invisible kolu-aoaoʻaoʻao noi, ua lilo loa ai, he pono ole ma ka pūnaewele puni honua (Narayanan and Zevenbergen 2015) , aka, lakou Kākaʻikahi Komo ho'āʻo pelapela e ana censorship.

Kii 6,2: Schematic o ka noiʻi manao o Encore. Ke kumu kahua e hoouna ia oe i ka webpage i kākauʻia i loko o mana html, me ka uuku kivila pōkole i loko iho i loko o ia mea (koe 1). Kāu kamepiula, e haawi i ka webpage, ka mea triggers ke ana hana (koe 2). Ko oukou kamepiula a ho'āʻo paha e nānā ana i ka pale kaua, a hiki i ka punaewele o ka banned pili aupuni hui (anu u 3). A censor, e like me ka aupuni, e alaila hihia i kou komo ana i ka pale kaua ana (ka anu u 4). Eia ke oki, kou kamepiula mau moʻolelo i ka hopena o keia noi ana i ka noiʻi, (aole i hoikeia mai ma ka huahelu). Kii mai Burnett and Feamster (2015) .

Keia kokoke loa i kahi i kekahi mau mea i uʻi oaoieei-waiwai no ke ana censorship. Ina lawa punaewele hui i keia karaima snippit, alaila, na noiʻi ke loaa ka maoli-manawa, global-unahiʻole, i ana o ka punaewele i censored ma ka'āina. Mamua o paneʻe i ka papahana, ka noiʻi o Peseto me ka IRB ma Georgiaʻenehana, a me ka IRB huli aʻe ia e nānā i ka papahana no ka mea,ʻaʻole "kanaka kumuhana noiʻi" ma lalo o ka Lei Rule (ka Lei Rule, oia ke kauoha o na rula kālai'āina loa federally-puu dala noiʻi i loko o ka US, no ka mea, 'ike hou aku, e nānā i ka Historical i paiiaʻi ma ka hopena o kēia mokuna).

Koke mahope iho o Encore o ee, nae, ua hui 'ana e Ben Zevenbergen, alaila, he puka ka haumāna, nana ia i hoalaʻe ninau e pili ana i na ethics o ka papahana i ka noiʻi. Ma kekahi, ua laweia mai kekahi, ae hoʻomaopopoʻia i nā kānaka i loko o kekahi mau mai, ua hiki ke waiho kokoke ana i aa aku ina ko lakou kamepiula ho'āʻo e ike i kekahi mau 'ikepili punaewele, a me keia poe kanaka, ka poe i paku ole ia i ka pilikia,ʻaʻole iʻae e komo i loko o ka mahele. Ma muli o kēia mau kamaʻilio, ka Encore hui mau ala i ka papahana e wale ho'āʻo aku ana i ka censorship o Facebook, Twitter, a YouTube no ka mea, a ho'āʻo paha kolu-aoao i ka nānā 'ana i kēia mau kahua, he pono ole iloko o maʻamau pūnaewele kele (e like me, kela webpage me ka Facebook Like pihi triggers i ke kolu-aoao noi i Facebook).

Ma hope o kaʻohiʻohiʻikepili ka hoʻohana 'ana i kēia mau ala manao, he pepa hōʻike no ka methodology, a me kekahi mau hopena, ua waiho ia SIGCOMM, he iiiaanoai kamepiula naukaʻaha kūkā. Ka papahana komite mahalo i ka oaoieei-na makana o ka pepa, aka, ua hōʻike 'ana i ka nele o ka' ae hoʻomaopopo 'o ia mai i komo. Ultimately, i ka papahana Komite manao, e hoolaha i ka pepa, aka, me ka hōʻailona hoike hōʻike ethical pili (Burnett and Feamster 2015) . Ia ka hōʻailona hoakaka i ole i hoʻohana mua i SIGCOMM, a ua alakaʻi i keia hihia i hou hoopaapaa ma ka kamepiulaʻepekema e pili ana i keʻano o nā ethics i loko o ko lākou noiʻi (Narayanan and Zevenbergen 2015) .