5.1 Introduction

He mea kupaianaha Wikipedia. ʻO kahi hui nui o nā limahana hana i hoʻokumu i ka puke'ōlelo kūikawā nui i hiki i nā mea a pau. ʻO ka kī i ka holomua o Wikipikia,ʻaʻole ia heʻike hou; akā, he hana hou like ia. ʻO ka lā wikiō, me kaʻoluʻolu, hiki i ka nui o nā hana hou. No laila, pono kākou e nīnau: He aha nā pilikiaʻepekema paʻakikī - nā pilikia e hikiʻole iā mākou ke hoʻoponopono i kēlā me kēia-e hiki anei iā kāua ke hoʻopaʻa pū?

Laulima ma ka noiʻi he mea hou, o ka papa. He aha ka mea hou, nō naʻe, he mea ka mīkini makahiki mau hiʻohiʻona nō laulima me ka iʻoi aʻe ka nui a oi aku nā kānaka o: na ieeeea? O kānaka a puni ke ao nei me ka Internet ke kula. I makemake nei keia mau hou nuipa a alu like, e hookuu kupaianaha hualoaʻa, aole pono no o ka nui o na kanaka 'ole aka hoi, no ko lakou like nā mākau, a me kuanaʻike. Pehea la e hiki ai ia makou Desha i kēlā mea kēia mea, me ka Internet pili i loko o ko kākou noiʻi 'ana? He aha e hiki ia oukou ke hana me 100 noiʻi kānaka kōkua? He aha e pili ana i 100.000 mākaukau collaborators?

He nui nāʻano papahana kaiaulu, a hoʻonohonoho mau ka poʻeʻepekema lolopela iā lākou i loko o kahi nui o nā papahana e pili ana i kā lākou mauʻike loea (Quinn and Bederson 2011) . Akā, ma kēia mokuna, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā papahana hana kuikahi e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia no ka noiʻi kaiapuni. Eia kekahi, ke manaʻo nei au he mea kōkua keʻike i keʻano ma waena oʻekolu mauʻano hana: ka hoʻonohonoho kanaka , kāheaʻana , a me kaʻohiʻana i nāʻikepili (helu 5.1).

E wehewehe wau i kēlā me kēiaʻano i nā mea kiko'ī ma hope o ka mokuna, akā i kēia manawa, e wehewehe wau i kēlā me kēia mea. Hoʻonohonoho pono nā papahana hoʻonohonoho kanaka e like me ka lepiliʻana i nā kiʻi miliona. ʻO kēia nā papahana i hanaʻia i nā manawa i hala e nā limahana limahana noiʻi kālepa. ʻAʻole i koiʻia nā haʻawina i nā mākau e pili ana i ka hana, aʻo ka hopena hope loa heʻano toharite ia o nā haʻawina. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūlana o ka papahana hoʻonohonoho kanaka,ʻo ia ka Zoo Zoo, kahi i hāʻawi aku ai i kahi heluna haneli miliona i nā astronomers e hoʻohui i nā miliona miliona. ʻO nā papa inoa kāheaʻia , ma kekahiʻaoʻao, ua kūpono i nā kūlana kahi eʻimi neiʻoe i ka moʻolelo a me nā pane i manaʻoʻoleʻia i nā nīnau i hoʻonohonoho ponoʻia. He mau papahana kēia i hiki i ka wā ma mua ke komo i nā hoa hana. Hāʻawiʻia nā haʻawina mai nā poʻe i loaʻa nāʻoihana pili i nāʻoihana kūikawā, aʻo ka hopena hope loaʻo ia ka maikaʻi loa o nā haʻawina. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe o ka leo hāmama o ka Netflix Prize, kahi i hoʻohana ai nā kaukani'enekeneka a me nā mea hana hoʻoikaika i ke kūkuluʻana i nā algorithms hou e wānana i nā hōʻailona o nā mea hōʻailona. I ka hopena, hoʻokaʻawaleʻia nā papahana hōʻiliʻiliʻikepili no ka hōʻiliʻili hōʻiliʻili nui. ʻO kēia nā papahana i hanaʻia i nā manawa i hala e nā mea kōkua o ka noiʻi lae a me nā pūʻulu noiʻi noiʻi. ʻO nā haʻawina i loaʻa pinepine mai nā poʻe i hiki i nā wahi a nā mea noiʻi i hanaʻole ai, aʻo ka hopena hope loa he hōʻiliʻili maʻalahi ia o nā haʻawina. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻikepili i hoʻokaʻawaleʻiaʻo eBird, kahi e hāʻawi ai nā haneli haneli haneli he mau hōʻike e pili ana i nā manu a lākou eʻike nei.

Kii 5.1: Mass laulima schematic. Keia Mokuna, ua hoʻokumu 'o Hiro puni ekolu ka papa kuhikuhi ano o ka nuipa a laulima: kanaka hou, hamama kapa, a ua haawi aeaiiuo ohi. More nui, nuipa a laulima hiehie manaʻo mai kula e like me kupa 'epekema, crowdsourcing, a me na Kane akamai.

Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ka hui ma Mass Field (Marshall, Lintott, and Fletcher 2015) a me nāʻenehana (Dickinson, Zuckerberg, and Bonter 2010) , akā,ʻaʻole i maʻalahi i ka noiʻi kaiaulu. Eia naʻe, ma ka weheweheʻana i nā hanana holomua mai nā'āina'ē aʻe a me ka hāʻawiʻana i kekahi mau kumuhana hoʻolālā koho nui, ke manaʻo nei wau e hōʻoia iāʻoe i nā meaʻelua. ʻO ka mea mua, hiki ke hoʻokomoʻia ka papa hana nui no ka noiʻi kaiaulu. Aʻo ka lua, he mea hiki i nā mea noiʻi e hoʻohana nei i ka papa hana kuikahi hiki ke hoʻonele i nā pilikia iʻike muaʻia he hikiʻole. ʻOiai ke hoʻolaha pinepineʻia ka pāʻina nui e like me keʻano e hoʻopakele ai i ke kālā,ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kēlā. E like me kaʻu e hōʻike ai, hikiʻole i ka pilina nui keʻae i kahi noiʻi maʻamau , hiki iā mākou ke hana i ka noiʻi maikaʻi .

Ma nā mokuna'ē aʻe, uaʻikeʻoe i nā mea e hiki ke aʻoʻia ma ka hanaʻana i nā poʻe iʻekolu mauʻano likeʻole: e nānā i kā lākou hana (Chapter 2), e nīnau iā lākou i nā nīnau (Mokuna 3), a me ke kākauʻana iā lākou i nā hoʻokolohua (Mokuna 4). Ma kēia mokuna, e hōʻike aku wau iāʻoe i ka mea e hiki ke aʻoʻia ma ka hanaʻana i nā kānaka e like me ka poʻe noiʻi noiʻi. No kēlā me kēia o nāʻano nui o ka papahana kaiaulu, e wehewehe wau i kekahi hiʻohiʻona prototypical, e hōʻike i nā mea nui'ē aʻe me nā hiʻohiʻona'ē aʻe, a wehewehe i ka hopena o kēiaʻano o ka papa hana kuikahi no ka noiʻi kaiaulu. E hoʻopauʻia ka paukū me nā kumumanaʻoʻelima e hiki ke kōkua iāʻoe e hoʻolālā i kāu hana papahana kuikahi.