2.3.1.2 Koyaushe-on
Koyaushe-on babban data sa nazarin m abubuwan da real-lokaci ji.
Mutane da yawa babban data tsarin ne ko da yaushe-on. suna kullum tattara bayanai. Wannan ko da yaushe-on halayyar bayar da masu bincike da a tsaye data (ie, data a kan lokaci). Da yake ko da yaushe-on biyu da muhimmanci abubuwan da gudanar da bincike.
Na farko, ko da yaushe-on data tarin sa masu bincike ya yi nazarin abubuwan da suka faru m a hanyoyi da suke ba zai yiwu ba a baya. Alal misali, masu bincike sha'awar nazarin zauna Gezi boren a Turkiyya, a lokacin rani na 2013 zai yawanci mayar da hankali a kan hali na zanga-zanga a lokacin taron. Ceren Budak da Duncan Watts (2015) sun iya yin fiye da ta yin amfani da ko da yaushe-on yanayin Twitter yi nazarin Twitter-ta yin amfani da zanga-zanga a gabãnin haka, a lokacin, da kuma bayan taron. Kuma sũ, sun kasance iya ƙirƙirar rukuni na kwatanta da wadanda ba mahalarta (ko mahalarta wanda bai aike game da zanga-zangar) a gabãnin haka, a lokacin, da kuma bayan taron (Figure 2.1). A total su tsohon post panel hada da tweets na 30,000 mutane a kan shekaru biyu. By dada da amfani data daga zanga-zangar da wannan sauran bayani, Budak da Watts sun iya koyon yafi: sun kasance iya kimanta abin da iri na mutane sun kasance mafi kusantar su shiga a cikin Gezi boren da kimanta da canje-canje a cikin halaye na mahalarta da kuma wadanda ba mahalarta, duka a cikin gajere (gwada pre-Gezi to a lokacin Gezi), kuma a cikin dogon lokaci (gwada pre-Gezi to post-Gezi).
Figure 2.1: Design amfani da Budak and Watts (2015) ya yi nazarin da zauna Gezi boren a Turkiyya, a lokacin rani na 2013. Ta amfani da ko da yaushe-on yanayin Twitter, da masu bincike halitta abin da suka kira wani tsohon post panel cewa hada game da 30,000 mutane a kan shekaru biyu. A bambanci da hankula binciken cewa mayar da hankali a kan mahalarta a lokacin zanga-zangar, da tsohon post panel ƙara 1) data daga mahalarta kafin da kuma bayan taron da kuma 2) bayanai daga wadanda ba mahalarta kafin, a lokacin, da kuma bayan taron. Wannan wadãtar data tsarin sa Budak da Watts to kimanta abin da iri na mutane sun kasance mafi kusantar su shiga a cikin Gezi boren da kimanta da canje-canje a cikin halaye na mahalarta da kuma wadanda ba mahalarta, duka a cikin gajere (gwada pre-Gezi to a lokacin Gezi), kuma a cikin dogon lokaci (gwada pre-Gezi to post-Gezi).
Gaskiya ne cewa wasu daga cikin wadannan kimomi dã an yi, ba tare da ko da yaushe-on data tarin kafofin (misali, tsawon lokaci kimomi da hali canji), ko da yake, irin data tarin ga 30,000 mutane za su kasance quite tsada. Kuma, ko da ba wani Unlimited kasafin kudin, ba zan iya tunanin wani hanya da gaske damar bincike tafiya da baya a lokacin da kai tsaye tsayar mahalarta hali a baya. The mafi kusa madadin zai zama tattara retrospective rahotannin hali, amma wadannan rahotanni zai zama na iyaka granularity kuma m daidaito. Table 2.1 bayar sauran misalai na karatu da cewa amfani da wani ko da yaushe-on data source yi nazarin wani m taron.
| m taron | Koyaushe-on data source | lissafi |
|---|---|---|
| Zauna Gezi motsi a cikin Turkey | Budak and Watts (2015) | |
| Umbrella boren a Hong Kong | Zhang (2016) | |
| Harbe-harbe da 'yan sanda a New York City | Tsaya-da-frisk rahotannin | Legewie (2016) |
| Mutum shiga Isis | Magdy, Darwish, and Weber (2016) | |
| Satumba 11, 2001 kama | livejournal.com | Cohn, Mehl, and Pennebaker (2004) |
| Satumba 11, 2001 kama | Na'urar Faja saƙonnin | Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) , Pury (2011) , Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2011) |
Na biyu, ko da yaushe-on data tarin sa masu bincike don samar da real-lokaci ma'aunai, wanda zai iya zama da muhimmanci a saituna inda manufofin masu so su ba kawai koya daga data kasance hali amma kuma amsa ga shi. Alal misali, kafofin watsa labarun data za a iya amfani da su shiryar da martani ga bala'o'i (Castillo 2016) .
A ƙarshe, ko da yaushe-on data tsarin taimaka masu bincike ya yi nazarin abubuwan da suka faru da kuma samar da m real-lokaci bayani don manufofin masu. Ban, duk da haka, da shawara cewa wanda ko da yaushe-on data tsarin taimaka masu bincike zuwa waƙa da canje-canje a tsawon lokaci na lokaci. Wancan ne, domin da yawa babban data tsarin da ake kullum canja-a tsari da ake kira gantali (Sashe 2.3.2.4).
