2.3.2.4 rugujewa

Population gantali, amfani gantali, da kuma tsarin yin gantali yi wuya a yi amfani da babban data source yi nazarin dogon lokaci trends.

Daya daga cikin manyan abũbuwan amfãni daga mutane da yawa babban data kafofin ne cewa su tattara bayanai a kan lokaci. Social masana kimiyya kira wannan irin kan-lokaci data, a tsaye data. Kuma, ta halitta, a tsaye bayanan suna da muhimmanci sosai ga nazarin canji. Domin dogara auna canji, duk da haka, da ji da tsarin kanta dole ne barga. A cikin kalmomin sociologist Otis Dudley Duncan, "idan kana so ka auna canji, ba su canja gwargwado" (Fischer 2011) .

Abin baƙin ciki, mutane da yawa babban data tsarin-musamman aiki tsarin da halitta da kuma kama digital burbushi-an canja a duk tsawon lokacin, wani tsari wanda Zan kira gantali. Musamman ma, wadannan tsarin canja a cikin uku main hanyoyi: yawan yin gantali (canji a wanda aka yin amfani da su), halin yin gantali (canji a yadda mutane suke yin amfani da su), da kuma tsarin yin gantali (canji a cikin tsarin da kanta). The uku samo gantali nufi da cewa duk wani abin kwaikwaya a digital alama data za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar wani muhimmin canji a duniya, ko za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar wasu nau'i na yin gantali.

Na farko tushen yin gantali-yawan yin gantali-aka wanda aka yin amfani da tsarin, kuma wannan ya canza, a dogon lokaci Sikeli da short-lokaci Sikeli. Alal misali, daga 2008 zuwa gabatar da talakawan shekaru mutane a kan kafofin watsa labarun ya kara. Bugu da kari wadannan dogon lokaci trends, mutane ta amfani da tsarin a kowane lokacin dabam. Alal misali, a lokacin za ~ en shugaban na 2012 da rabo daga tweets game da harkokin siyasa da aka rubuta da mata fluctuated rana (Diaz et al. 2016) . Saboda haka, abin da zai bayyana a wani canji a cikin yanayi na Twitter-baiti iya zahiri kawai zama canje-canje a wanda yake magana a kowane lokacin.

Bugu da ƙari, canje-canje a wanda yake amfani da tsarin, akwai kuma canje-canje a yadda tsarin da ake amfani da. Alal misali, a lokacin zauna Gezi Park boren a Istanbul, Turkey, a 2013 zanga-zanga musanya amfani da Hashtags matsayin rashin amincewa samo asali. Ga yadda Zeynep Tufekci (2014) ya bayyana yin gantali, wadda ta iya gane saboda ta lura hali on Twitter kuma a ƙasa:

"Abin da ya faru shi ne cewa da zaran zanga-zanga ya zama rinjaye story, mutane da yawa. . . tsaya ta amfani da Hashtags fãce zana da hankali ga wani sabon abu. . .. Yayin da zanga-zangar ci gaba, har ma da tsananta, da Hashtags mutu down. Interviews saukar dalilai biyu ga wannan. Na farko, da zarar kowa da kowa ya san da topic, da hashtag ya gã superfluous kuma m, a halin-iyakance Twitter dandamali. Na biyu, Hashtags aka gani kawai a matsayin da amfani ga jawo hankali ga wani topic, ba domin yin magana game da shi. "

Saboda haka, masu bincike da suka nazarin boren da nazarin tweets da zanga-zanga da alaka Hashtags za a yi karkatacciyar ji abin da aka faruwa saboda wannan halin yin gantali. Alal misali, sun yi imani da cewa tattaunawa da zanga-zangar rage tun kafin shi a zahiri rage.

Na uku irin gantali ne tsarin yin gantali. A wannan yanayin, shi ne, ba mutane da canza ko hali jũyãwar, amma da tsarin kanta canja. Alal misali, a kan lokaci Facebook ya karu da iyaka a kan tsawon status updates. Saboda haka, duk wani a tsaye nazarin status updates zai zama m zuwa kayayyakin gargajiya da lalacewa ta hanyar wannan canji. System gantali ne a hankali alaka matsala kira algorithmic confounding abin da muke a yanzu juya.