1.2 Barka da zuwa dijital shekaru

The digital shekaru ne a ko'ina, shi ke da girma, kuma shi ya musanya abin da yake yiwu ga masu bincike.

A tsakiyar Jigo na wannan littafin shi ne, digital shekaru halitta da sababbin dama ga zamantakewa da bincike. Masu bincike za a yanzu tsayar hali, tambayoyi, gudu gwaje-gwajen, da kuma hada gwiwa a hanyoyi da suke kawai ba zai yiwu ba a cikin quite 'yan baya. Tare da wadannan sabon damar ma zo sabon kasada. masu bincike za a yanzu cutar mutane a hanyoyi da suke ba zai yiwu ba a cikin quite 'yan baya. The source wadannan dama da kuma kasada ne miƙa mulki daga analog shekaru zuwa dijital da shekaru. Wannan sauyin bai faru ba, jimla guda-kamar wani haske-canza juya on-da, a gaskiya, da miƙa mulki ne ba tukuna cikakken. Amma, da wannan aya da muka gani isa ya san cewa wani babban ke faruwa.

Daya hanyar lura da wannan sauyin da ya nemi canje-canje a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum. Abubuwa da yawa a cikin rai da amfani da su a analog yanzu digital. Wata kila ka yi amfani da su don amfani da kamara da film da kuma yanzu da kake amfani da kamara mai lamba (wanda yake shi ne mai yiwuwa wani ɓangare na digital waya). Wata kila ka yi amfani da su karanta wani jiki jarida da kuma a yanzu ka karanta wani online jaridar. Wata kila ka yi amfani da su biya abubuwa da jiki tsabar kudi da kuma a yanzu ka biya da katin bashi. A kowace harka, da miƙa mulki daga analog wa digital yana nufin cewa ƙarin bayani yanzu ana kama da kuma adana na Lamba.

A gaskiya, a lõkacin da ya dube a tara, sakamakon da miƙa mulki ne abin mamaki. The adadin bayanai a duniya ne hanzari kara da more wannan bayanai da aka adana na'urorin na zamani, wanda facilitates analysis, watsa, da kuma tattara abubuwa masu kyau (Figure 1.1) (Hilbert and López 2011) . Dukan wannan digital bayanai da ya zo a kira "babban data." Bugu da kari ga wannan fashewa da digital data, akwai layi daya girma a cikin access to sarrafa kwamfuta iko (Figure 1.1) (Hilbert and López 2011) . Wadannan trends-kara digital bayanai da kuma kara sarrafa kwamfuta-show babu alamar slowing down.

Figure 1.1: Information ajiya iya aiki da sarrafa kwamfuta ikon suna kara da cika fuska. Bugu da ari, bayanai ajiya yanzu kusan na musamman digital (Hilbert and López 2011) . Wadannan canje-canje halitta m damar zamantakewa masu bincike.

Ga dalilai na zamantakewa da bincike, ina ganin mafi muhimmanci siffa daga cikin digital shekaru ne kwakwalwa ko'ina. Da farko a matsayin dakin-sized inji da suke kawai samuwa ga gwamnatoci da kuma manyan kamfanoni, kwakwalwa da aka kullum ƙunci a size da kuma kara a popularity. Kowane shekaru goma tun 1980s, mun gani da wani sabon irin kwamfuta fito fili: sirri kwakwalwa, kwamfyutocin, smart phones, da kuma yanzu saka sarrafawa (watau kwakwalwa cikin na'urorin kamar motoci, Watches, kuma thermostats) (Waldrop 2016) . Ƙara wadannan ubiquotous kwakwalwa yi fiye da kawai lissafi. su ma ji, store, da kuma aika da bayanai.

Domin masu bincike, da abubuwan da kwakwalwa a ko'ina ne mafi sauki ga online, wani yanayi da yake da cikakken daukar kuma amenable to experimentation. Alal misali, an online store iya tattara wuce yarda daidai data game da shopping da sayen alamu na miliyoyin abokan ciniki. Bugu da ari, an online store iya randomize wasu abokan ciniki a sami daya shopping kwarewa da kuma wasu su samu wani. Wannan ikon randomize a saman tracking yana nufin cewa online Stores iya kullum gudu yi da ka sarrafawa gwaje-gwajen. A gaskiya, idan ka taba sayi wani abu daga wani online store your hali da aka sa ido kuma ka kusan lalle kasance takara a wani gwaji, ko ka san shi ko ba.

Wannan cikakken-auna-cikakken-randomizable duniya ne ba kawai faruwa online. an ƙara faruwa a ko'ina. Jiki Stores riga tattara musamman cikakken sayan data, kuma suna masu tasowa, kayayyakin saka idanu abokan ciniki cin kasuwa hali da kuma Mix experimentation cikin na yau da kullum business yi. A takaice, idan ka yi tunani game da dijital shekaru ya kamata ka ba kawai zaton online, ya kamata ka yi tunani a ko'ina. Digital shekaru zamantakewa binciken zai unsa mutane hulda a cikakken digital sarari kuma za unsa mutane ta yin amfani da digital na'urorin a cikin jiki a duniya.

Bugu da ƙari, kunna ji na hali da kuma randomization na jiyya, da digital shekaru ya kuma sa sababbin hanyoyin ga mutanen da don sadarwa. Wadannan sababbin siffofin sadarwa damar bincike gudu m safiyo da kuma haifar da taro tare da haɗin gwiwar da abokan aiki da kuma jama'a.

A shakka zai nuna cewa babu wani daga cikin wadannan capabilities ne da gaske sabo. Wato, a baya, akwai lokatan wasu manyan ci gaba a mutane damar iya yin komai don sadarwa (misali, da gidan waya (Gleick 2011) ), kuma kwakwalwa da aka samun sauri a wajen wannan kudi tun shekara1960s (Waldrop 2016) . Amma, abin da wannan shakka ya bace ne cewa a wani batu more na wannan zama wani abu da daban-daban (Halevy, Norvig, and Pereira 2009) . Ga wani misalin abin da na so. Idan ba za ka iya ɗaukar hoto na doki, to, kana da wani m. Kuma, idan za ka iya kama 24 images wani doki da na biyu, to, kana da wani fim din. Hakika, a movie ne kawai wani gungu na photos, amma a mutu m shakka zai da'awar cewa hotuna da kuma fina-finai ne guda.

Masu bincike ne a cikin tsari na yin sauyin ire-iren su miƙa mulki daga daukar hoto wa cinematography. Wannan sauyin ba ya nufin cewa duk abin da muka koya a baya ya kamata a yi watsi da. Kamar yadda ka'idojin daukar hoto sanar da ka'idodinta cinematography, da ka'idodin da zamantakewa da bincike a baya zai sanar da zamantakewa bincike na nan gaba. Amma, gwamnatin rikon kwarya wato yana nufin cewa kada mu ci gaba da yin wannan abu. Maimakon haka, dole ne mu hada yanki daga baya tare da damar na yanzu da kuma nan gaba. Alal misali, bincike na Blumenstock da kuma abokan aiki ya cakuda gargajiya binciken bincike da abin da wasu iya kiran data kimiyya. Duka wadanda sinadaran kasance wajibi: ba da binciken martani ko wayar records da suka kasance isa. More kullum, ina ganin cewa ƙara zamantakewa masu bincike za su bukatar mu hada ilmin zaman tare data kimiyya domin yi amfani da damar da na digital da shekaru. Don ci gaba da kawai shan hotuna a lokacin da muka za a iya yin fina-finai zai zama kuskure.