4.2 Mene ne gwajen?

Yi da ka sarrafawa gwaje-gwajen da hudu main sinadaran: daukar ma'aikata na mahalarta, randomization magani, bayarwa na magani, da kuma ji na sakamakon.

Gwaran gwajin da aka sarrafa sune manyan nau'o'i guda hudu: daukar nauyin mahalarta, bazuwar magani, bayarwa na magani, da kuma sakamakon sakamakon. Yau shekarun bidiyo bazai canja yanayin da ya dace na gwaji ba, amma ya sa ya fi sauƙi. Alal misali, a baya, yana da wuya a auna halin da miliyoyin mutane ke ciki, amma wannan yana faruwa a cikin tsarin na'ura mai yawa. Masu bincike waɗanda zasu iya gano irin yadda za su iya amfani da wannan sabon damar zasu iya yin gwaje-gwajen da ba su yiwu a baya.

Don haka wannan ya zama wani abu mafi sauki - duk abin da ya kasance daidai da abin da ya canza-bari mu bincika gwajin gwajin Michael Restivo da Arnout van de Rijt (2012) . Sun so su fahimci sakamakon sakamako na 'yan uwan ​​da suka dace akan tallafin edita a Wikipedia. Musamman ma, sunyi nazarin ilimin barnstars , kyautar da duk wani Wikipedian zai iya ba wa wani Wikipedian ya amince da aiki mai tsanani da kuma yin aiki. Restivo da van de Rijt sun ba da barnstars zuwa 100 masu cancanci Wikipedians. Sa'an nan kuma, suka biyo bayan gudunmawar da masu karɓa suke bayarwa ga Wikipedia a cikin kwanaki 90 masu zuwa. Mafi yawan su mamaki, da mutãne waɗanda suka bayar da barnstars kula yi m gyararrakin bayan samun daya. A wasu kalmomi, barnstars sun yi kamar yadda ya kamata su kara ƙarfafawa maimakon ƙarfafa taimako.

Abin farin, Restivo da van de Rijt ba su gudanar da gwagwarmaya ba ". suna gudanar da gwajin gwajin gwagwarmaya. Don haka, ban da zabar 100 masu bayar da gudummawa don karɓar shinge, sun kuma dauki 100 masu bayar da gudunmawa ga wanda basu ba da ɗaya ba. Wadannan 100 suna aiki ne a matsayin rukuni. Kuma, wanda ya kasance a cikin ƙungiyar kulawa da kuma wanda ke cikin rukunin kulawa an yanke shawarar ba da shawara ba.

Lokacin da Restivo da van de Rijt suka dubi halaye na mutane a cikin rukunin kulawa, sun gano cewa gudunmawar suna ragewa. Bugu da ari, a lokacin da Restivo da van de Rijt suka kwatanta mutane a cikin ƙungiyar kulawa (watau, barnstars) zuwa ga mutanen dake cikin rukunin kulawa, sun gano cewa mutanen da ke cikin kungiya sun bada kashi 60%. A wasu kalmomi, gudunmawar da ƙungiyoyi biyu suka yi suna ɓata, amma ma'abota kulawa suna yin sauri.

Kamar yadda wannan binciken ya kwatanta, ƙungiyar kula da gwaje-gwaje tana da mahimmanci a hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Don daidaita ma'auni na barnstars, Restivo da van de Rijt sun bukaci kiyaye mutanen da ba su sami barnstars ba. Sau da dama, masu binciken da basu san gwaje-gwaje ba sun gamsu da darajar ƙungiyar kulawa. Idan Restivo da van de Rijt ba su da wani rukuni, da sun kulla kuskuren kuskure. Kungiyoyi masu mahimmanci sune mahimmanci cewa Shugaba na babban kamfanin caca ya ce akwai hanyoyi guda uku da za a iya fitar da ma'aikatan daga kamfanoni: don sata, don cin zarafin jima'i, ko kuma don gudanar da gwaji ba tare da rukunin kula ba (Schrage 2011) .

Restivo da binciken van de Rijt sun nuna muhimmancin abubuwa guda hudu na gwaji: ƙwarewa, bazuwar, saƙo, da kuma sakamakon. Tare, waɗannan nau'o'in haɓaka guda huɗu sun ba da damar masana kimiyya su wuce bayan haɗin gwiwar kuma auna sakamakon tasirin jiyya. Musamman, ƙididdigawa yana nufin cewa mutane a cikin magunguna da kungiyoyi masu iko zasu kasance kama. Wannan yana da mahimmanci domin yana nufin cewa kowane bambanci tsakanin sakamakon tsakanin kungiyoyi biyu zasu iya danganta ga magani kuma ba mai haɗuwa ba.

Bugu da ƙari, kasancewa mai kyau na zane-zane na gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, binciken Restivo da kuma van de Rijt ya nuna cewa tasirin gwaje-gwaje na dijital na iya bambanta da na nazarin analog. A cikin Restivo da gwajin gwagwarmaya na van de Rijt, yana da sauƙin bada barnstar ga kowa da kowa, kuma yana da sauƙi a biye da sakamakon-adadin gyare-gyare - kan lokaci mai tsawo (domin gyara rikodin tarihi ya rubuta ta Wikipedia). Wannan ikon isar da jiyya da kuma gwada sakamakon a wani farashi ne qualitatively sabanin gwaje-gwajen a baya. Ko da yake wannan gwajin ta shafi mutane 200, ana iya gudana tare da 2,000 ko ma mutane 20,000. Babbar abu da hana masu bincike daga kwarewar gwajin su ta hanyar kashi 100 ba kudin ba ne; yana da xa'a. Wato, Restivo da van de Rijt ba su so su ba barnstars ga masu gyara masu dacewa, kuma basu son gwajin su na rushe al'umma na Wikipedia (Restivo and Rijt 2012, 2014) . Zan sake komawa ga wasu ka'idodin ka'idojin da aka gabatar da gwaje-gwaje daga baya a cikin wannan babin kuma a babi na 6.

A ƙarshe, gwaji na Restivo da van de Rijt ya nuna cewa yayin da ka'idodin ma'anar gwaji ba su canza ba, ƙididdigar gwaje-gwaje na shekaru dijital za su iya bambanta sosai. Na gaba, don ƙarin bayani game da damar da waɗannan canje-canjen suka haifar, zan kwatanta gwaje-gwajen da masu bincike zasu iya yi yanzu tare da irin gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a baya.