6.4.3 Justice

Justice ne game da tabbatar da cewa kasada da kuma amfanin bincike suna rarraba fairly.

Shawarar Belmont ta bayar da hujjar cewa ka'idar Adalci ta tanada rarraba kaya da kuma amfani da bincike. Wato, kada ya zama abin da wata kungiya a cikin al'umma ta dauki nauyin kimar bincike yayin da wani rukuni ya tara amfaninta. Alal misali, a cikin karni na goma sha tara da farkon karni na ashirin, nauyin nauyin yin aiki a matsayin sha'anin bincike a gwajin gwaji ya fadi a kan talakawa, yayin da amfani da inganta inganta kiwon lafiya ya bawa ga masu arziki.

A aikace, an fassara ma'anar Shari'ar farko da ma'anar cewa wajibi ne a kare mutanen da ke fama da talauci daga masu bincike. A takaice dai, ba za a yarda masu bincike su yi watsi da ganimar ba. Wannan lamari ne da ke damuwa a baya, yawancin matakan da suka shafi matsala masu yawa sun haɗa da mahalarta masu matukar damuwa, ciki har da wadanda ba su da ilimi da kuma raunin su (Jones 1993) ; fursunoni (Spitz 2005) ; wadanda aka ƙaddara, yara marasa lafiya (Robinson and Unruh 2008) ; da kuma tsofaffin marasa lafiya na marasa lafiya da kuma debilitated (Arras 2008) .

A cikin 1990, duk da haka, ra'ayi game da Adalci ya fara farawa daga kariya don samun damar (Mastroianni and Kahn 2001) . Alal misali, 'yan gwagwarmaya sun ce' yan yara, mata, da 'yan tsirarun kabilu suna buƙata a haɗa su a cikin gwajin gwagwarmaya domin waɗannan kungiyoyi zasu iya amfani da ilimin da aka samu daga waɗannan gwaji (Epstein 2009) .

Bugu da ƙari, tambayoyi game da kariya da samun dama, ana fassara ma'anar Adalci sau da yawa don tada tambayoyi game da biyan kuɗi ga masu halartar-tambayoyin da suka shafi manyan muhawara a tsarin likita (Dickert and Grady 2008) .

Yin amfani da ka'idodin Shari'a ga misalanmu uku ya ba da wata hanya ta duba su. Babu wani binciken da aka yi wa masu halartar taron. Har ila yau, ya kawo tambayoyin da suka fi mayar da hankali akan ka'idar Adalci. Duk da yake ka'idodin Aminci na iya ba da shawara ba tare da masu halartar taron daga kasashe masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ba, ka'idodin shari'a za su iya jayayya don ƙyale waɗannan mutane su shiga ciki-da kuma amfani da su-daidai ma'auni na ƙididdigar Intanet. Shari'ar Tastes, Ties, da Time kuma suna kawo tambayoyi saboda ɗayan ɗaliban ɗalibai sun ɗauki nauyin da aka gudanar da bincike da al'umma kawai a matsayin cikakkiyar amfani. A ƙarshe, a cikin Emotional Contagion, mahalarta wadanda suka ɗauki nauyin bincike sun kasance samfurin samfurin da yawancin jama'a zasu amfana daga sakamakon (wato masu amfani da Facebook). A wannan ma'anar, zane na Conversion na Motsa jiki ya dace da ka'idar Adalci.